Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Scratch behavior of soft thermoplastic olefins: effects of ethylene content and testing rate

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Soft thermoplastic olefins (TPOs) consisting of 70 wt.% ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR) and 30 wt.% polypropylene (PP) were subjected to a standardized scratch test (ASTM D7027-05) at three different testing speeds: 1, 10, and 100 mm/s. Two TPO systems were considered for the study: System A having 52 wt.% ethylene in the EPR and System B containing 67 wt.% ethylene. Raising the ethylene content in EPR not only increased the overall blend crystallinity, but also altered the internal morphology of the material. Scratch testing rate appears to impart a significant effect on the scratch behavior of the material. The scratch damage mechanisms and morphology in the above model systems are described and correlated with tensile behavior and mechanical properties to establish a structure–property relationship. Issues regarding scratch properties of the soft TPOs are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chang SH, Dong JI, Sung CK (1986) J App Poly Sci 32:6281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Choudhary V, Varma HS, Varma IK (1991) Polymer 32:2541

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. D’Orazio L, Cecchin G (2001) Polymer 42:2675

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. D’Orazio L, Mancarella C, Martuscelli E, Cecchin G, Corrieri R (1999) Polymer 40:2745

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Katbab AA, Nazockdast H, Bazgir S (2000) J App Poly Sci 75:1127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kim BK, Do IH (1996) J App Poly Sci 61:439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Cai HJ, Luo XL, Chen XX, Ma DZ, Wang JM, Tan HS (1999) J App Poly Sci 71:103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Shariatpanahi H, Nazokdast H, Dabir B, Sadaghiani K, Hemmati M (2002) J App Poly Sci 86:3148

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Tasdemir M, Topsakalolu M (2007) J App Poly Sci 104:3895

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Varghese S, Alex R, Kuriakose B (2004) J App Poly Sci 92:2063

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Da Silva ALN, Coutinho FMB (1996) Poly Test 15:45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fu ZS, Fan ZQ, Zhang YQ, Feng LX (2003) Euro Poly J 39:795

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Goharpey F, Nazockdast H, Katbab AA (2005) Poly Eng Sci 45:84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Pires M, Mauler RS, Liberman SA (2004) J App Poly Sci 92:2155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Browning R, Lim GT, Moyse A, Sun LY, Sue HJ (2006) Poly Eng Sci 46:601

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Browning RL, Lim GT, Moyse A, Sue HJ, Chen H, Earls JD (2006) Surf Coat Tech 201:2970

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Chu J, Xiang C, Sue HJ, Hollis RD (2000) Poly Eng Sci 40:944

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Jiang H, Lim G-T, Reddy J, Whitcomb J, H-J Sue (2007) J Poly Sci B Poly Phys 45:1435

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Urban MW (2005) Stimuli-responsive polymeric films and coatings, ACS Symposium Series #912. Oxford University Press and American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, p 166

  20. Lim GT, Wong MH, Reddy JN, Sue HJ (2005) J Coat Tech Res 2:361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lu J, Wei GX, Sue HJ, Chu J (2000) J App Poly Sci 76:311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Wong JSS, Sue HJ, Zeng KY, Li RKY, Mai YW (2004) Acta Mat 52:431

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Wong M, Lim GT, Moyse A, Reddy JN, Sue HJ (2004) Wear 256:1214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Wong M, Moyse A, Lee F, Sue HJ (2004) J Mat Sci 39:3293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Xiang C, Sue HJ (2001) J App Poly Sci 82:3201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Xiang C, Sue HJ, Chu J, Coleman B (2001) J Poly Sci B Poly Phys 39:47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Xiang C, Sue HJ, Chu J, Masuda K (2001) Poly Eng Sci 41:23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Bermudez MD, Brostow W, Carrion-Vilches FJ, Cervantes JJ, Damarla G, Perez JM (2005) E-Polymers No. 003

  29. Briscoe BJ, Biswas SK, Sinha SK, Panesar SS (1993) Tribol Int 26:183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Briscoe BJ, Evans PD, Pelillo E, Sinha SK (1996) Wear 200:137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bucaille JL, Felder E (2002) Philos Mag A 82:2003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bucaille JL, Gauthier C, Felder E, Schirrer R (2006) Wear 260:803

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Dasari A, Kolluru S, Rohrmann J, Misra RDK (2003) Mater Sci Tech Lond 19:1289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Dasari A, Perkins RS, Rohrmann J, Misra RDK (2003) Mater Sci Tech Lond 19:1279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Dasari A, Rohrmann J, Misra RDK (2003) Mater Sci Tech Lond 19:1458

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Jardret V, Morel P (2003) Prog Org Coat 48:322

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Lin L, Blackman GS, Matheson RR (2000) Prog Org Coat 40:85

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Lin L, Blackman GS, Matheson RR (2001) Mat Sci Eng A Struct 317:163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Ryntz RA, Britz D (2002) J Coat Tech 74:77

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Shen W (2006) JCT Coat Tech 3:44

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Shen W (2006) JCT Coat Tech 3:54

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Shen W, Jiang B, Scholten A, Schwenke R, Mi L, Seal C, Wang P (2004) Tribol Lett 17:637

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. ASTM D7027-05 (2005) Standard test method for evaluation of scratch resistance of polymeric coatings and plastics using an instrumented scratch machine. ASTM International

  44. Pizzoli M, Righetti MC, Vitali M, Ferrari P (1998) Polymer 39:1445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Da Silva ALN, Rocha MCG, Lopes L, Chagas BS, Coutinho FMB (2001) J App Poly Sci 81:3530

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Yamaguchi M, Miyata H, Nitta KH (1996) J App Poly Sci 62:87

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Pukanszky B, Tudos F, Kallo A, Bodor G (1989) Polymer 30:1399

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Wong M (2004) Test method development for evaluation of scratch behavior of polymers. MS Thesis, Texas A&M University

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to recognize the financial support of the Texas A&M University Scratch Behavior of Polymers Consortium (https://doi.org/www.ptc.tamu.edu). Thanks also go to Sumitomo Chemical for supplying material and evaluation of property data. Microscopy work at Texas A&M University was conducted in the Microscopy and Imaging Center.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Technology Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3123, USA

    Robert L. Browning, Han Jiang, Allan Moyse & Hung-Jue Sue

  2. Sumitomo Chemical America, New York, NY, USA

    Yuki Iseki

  3. Sumitomo Chemical Company, Chiba, Japan

    Kousuke Ohtani & Yasuhito Ijichi

Authors
  1. Robert L. Browning
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Han Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Allan Moyse
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hung-Jue Sue
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yuki Iseki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Kousuke Ohtani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yasuhito Ijichi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hung-Jue Sue.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Browning, R.L., Jiang, H., Moyse, A. et al. Scratch behavior of soft thermoplastic olefins: effects of ethylene content and testing rate. J Mater Sci 43, 1357–1365 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2283-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2283-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation