Abstract
Forward kinematics problem of cable robots is very difficult to solve the same as that of parallel robots and in the contrary to the serial manipulators’. This problem is almost impossible to solve analytically because of the nonlinearity and complexity of the robot’s kinematic equations. Numerical methods are the most common solutions for this problem of the parallel and cable robots. But, convergency of these methods is the drawback of using them. In this paper, neural network approach is used to solve the forward kinematics problem of an exemplary 3D cable robot. This problem is solved in the typical workspace of the robot. The neural network used in this paper is of the MLP type and a back propagation procedure is utilized to train the network. A simulation study is performed and the results show the advantages of this method in enhancement of convergency together with very small modeling errors.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Stewart, D.: A platform with six degrees of freedom. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. 180(15 pt 1), 371–386 (1965)
Merlet, J.-P.: Parallel Robots, Solid Mechanics and Its Applications. Kluwer, Norwell (2001)
Merlet, J.-P.: Still a long way to go on the road for parallel mechanisms. In: A Keynote Speech at ASME 2002 DETC Conference, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (2002)
Merlet, J.-P.: Parallel Robots, Open Problems. INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, France. http://www.-sop.inria.fr
Tsai, L.-W.: Robot Analysis, The Mechanics of Serial and Parallel Manipulators. Wiley, New York (1999)
Bosscher, P., Riechel, A.T., Ebert-Uphoff, I.: Wrench-feasible workspace generation for cable-driven robots. IEEE Trans. Robot. 22(4), 890–902 (2006)
Riechel, A.T., Ebert-Uphoff, I.: Force-feasible workspace analysis for underconstrained point-mass cable robots. Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom. 5, 4956–4962 (2004)
Kawamura, S., Choe, W., Tanaka, S., Pandian, S.R.: Development of an ultrahigh speed FALCON using wire drive system. In: Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 215–220 (2003)
Lafourcade, P., Llibre, M., Reboulet, C.: Design of a parallel wire-driven manipulator for wind tunnels. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Fundamental Issues and Future Research Directions for Parallel Mechanisms and Manipulators, Quebec, Canada, pp. 187–194 (2002)
Diao, X., Ma, O., Paz, R.: Study of 6-DOF cable robots for potential application of HIL microgravity contact-dynamics simulation. In: Proceedings of the AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit (M&ST 2006), Keystone, CO, USA, pp. 1097–1110 (2006)
Gallina, P., Rosati, G., and Rossi, A.: 3-D.O.F. wire driven planar haptic interface. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 32, 23–36 (2001)
Albus, J.; Bostelman, R., Dagalakis, N.: The NIST robocrane. J. Robot. Syst. 10, 709–724 (1993)
Merlet, J.-P.: Solving the forward kinematics of a Gough-type parallel manipulator with interval analysis. Int. J. Rob. Res. 23(2), 221–235 (2004)
Lee, T.-Y., Shim, J.-K.: Forward kinematics for the general 6-6 Stewart platform using algebraic elimination. Mech. Mach. Theory 36, 1073–1085 (2001)
Lee, T.-Y., Shim, J.-K.: Improved dialytic elimination for the forward kinematics of the general Stewart-Gough platform. Mech. Mach. Theory 38, 563–577 (2003)
Faugere, J.-C., Merlet, J.-P., Rouillier, F.: On solving the direct kinematics problem for parallel robots. INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, Report No. 5923 (2006)
Gan, D., Liao, Q., Dai, J.S., Wei, S., Senevirtne, L.D.: Forward displacement analysis of the general 6-6 Stewart mechanism using Grobner basis. Mech. Mach. Theory 44, 1640–1647 (2009)
Raghavan, M.: The Stewart platform of general geometry has 40 configurations. In: Proceedings of the ASME Design and Automation Conference, Chicago, IL, vol. 32 (1991)
Merlet, J.-P.: Direct kinematics of parallel manipulators. IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom. 9(2), 842–846 (1993)
Baron, L., Angeles, J.: The direct kinematics of parallel manipulators under joint-sensor redundancy. IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom. 16(1), 12–19 (2000)
Wang, Y.A.: A direct numerical solution to forward kinematics of general Stewart–Gough platforms. J. Robot. 25(1), 121–128 (2007)
Williams, R.L. II, Gallina, P.: Translational planar cable-direct-driven robots. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 37, 69–96 (2003)
Trevisani, A., Gallina, P., Williams II, R.L.: Cable-direct-driven robot (CDDR) with passive SCARA support: theory and simulation. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 46, 73–94 (2006)
Bosscher, P., Williams II, R.L., Bryson, L.S., Castro-Lacouture, D.: Cable-suspended robotic contour crafting system. J. Autom. Construct. 217, 45–55 (2007)
Joshi, S.A., Surianarayan, A.: Calibration of a 6-DOF cable robot using two inclinometers. In: Proceedings of the PerMIS 2003 Conference, USA (2003)
Chen, W., Chen, Q., Zhang, J., Yu, S.: Forward kinematics and workspace analysis for a 7-DOF cable-driven humanoid arm. In: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference of Robotics and Biomimetics, China, pp. 1175–1180 (2006)
Merlet, J.-P.: Kinematics of the wire-driven parallel robot MARIONET using linear actuators. In: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 3857–3862 (2008)
Medsker, L., Liebowitz, J.: Design and Development of Expert Systems and Neural Networks. Macmillan, New York (1994)
Bishop, C.: Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1995)
Patterson, D.: Artificial Neural Networks. Prentice Hall, Singapore (1996)
Geng, Z., Haynes, L.: Neural network solution for the forward kinematics problem of a Stewart platform. Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 9(5), 485–495 (1992)
Yee, C.S.: Forward kinematics solution of Stewart platform using neural networks. J. Neurocomputing 16(3), 333–349 (1997)
Yu, D.-Y., Cong, D.-C., Han, J.-W.: Parallel robots pose accuracy compensating using artificial neural networks. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, China (2005)
Ghobakhlo, A., Eghtesad, M.: Neural network solution for the forward kinematics problem of a redundant hydraulic shoulder. In: IEEE EICON’05 (2005)
Sadjadian, H., Taghirad, H.M., Fatehi, A.: Neural network solution for computing the forward kinematic of a redundant parallel manipulator. Int. J. Comput. Intell. 2(1), 40–47 (2005)
Sciavicco, L., Siciliano, B.: Modeling and Control of Robot Manipulators, 2nd edn. Springer, New York (2000)
Ghasemi, A., Eghtesad, M., Farid, M.: Workspace analysis of planar and spatial redundant cable robots. ASME J. Mech. Robot. 1(4), 044502-1–044502-6 (2009)
Alp, A.B., Agrawal, S.K.: Cable suspended robots: design, planning and control. In: Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Washington, DC (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghasemi, A., Eghtesad, M. & Farid, M. Neural Network Solution for Forward Kinematics Problem of Cable Robots. J Intell Robot Syst 60, 201–215 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-010-9421-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-010-9421-z