Abstract
Family dysfunction has been associated with both child externalizing problems, including hostility, and parent depression or depressive symptoms. Research investigating child hostility directed toward a parent with a history of depression is absent, yet it may be associated with especially high levels of family dysfunction. The current study aimed to assess (1) the relation between observed child hostility, measured by the Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scale, toward such a parent and child-reported family dysfunction, using the Family Assessment Device, and (2) whether current parent depressive symptoms, measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II, moderated this association. We hypothesized that child hostility would negatively relate to family functioning, even after controlling for parent depressive symptoms, and that parent depressive symptoms would moderate this association in that high levels of such symptoms would strengthen the negative relation between child hostility and family functioning. To address these hypotheses, hierarchical regression and moderation analyses were conducted in SPSS. Results indicated that higher levels of child hostility related to a more dysfunctional family environment. Furthermore, although speculative as the interaction of child hostility toward a parent and parent depressive symptoms only approached conventional levels of significance, low levels of both constructs may protect against family dysfunction. Findings from this study may inform new methods of family intervention and prevention, as well as ways of identifying families most at risk for dysfunction.
Highlights
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The current study used unique observational data of child hostility.
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Child hostility related to family dysfunction above parent depressive symptoms.
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Child hostility and parent depressive symptoms related to more family dysfunction.
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Child Hostility toward a Parent with a History of Depression and Family Functioning.
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NICHD grant F31HD098825, NIMH grants R01MH069940, and R01MHO69928, as well as gifts from Patricia and Rodes Hart and Heinz and Rowena Ansbacher supported this research. We assume sole responsibility for the contents of this article.
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Rice, D.R., Sullivan, A.D.W., Forehand, R.L. et al. Child Hostility toward a Parent with a History of Depression and Family Functioning. J Child Fam Stud 29, 2786–2795 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01786-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01786-2