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The Emergence of an Elder-Blaming Discourse in Twenty-First Century China

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Abstract

To people familiar with Confucian teachings about revering elders, it may be surprising that, over the last decade and a half, a discourse has emerged and spread widely in China in which elders are denigrated as out-of-date and corrupt. Using newspaper articles, commentaries and videos, this paper first traces the emergence of intergenerational conflicts over bus seats, along with related phenomena that have become flashpoints in the new elder-blaming discourse. Second, this paper delineates and challenges popular and academic notions that intergenerational differences in values and dispositions entirely account for intergenerational conflict. Specifically, it criticizes a notion, popular in China, that the older generations became corrupted through a series of historical misfortunes from the 1959–1961 famine onward. Aided by the tools of cross-cultural comparison, historicization, and media studies, it offers alternative explanations for intergenerational conflict, including underdeveloped infrastructure, lack of public resources, occupational pressures on the younger generations, and a decline in social trust. Third, this paper discusses why an elder-blaming discourse has been so possible to propagate. Owing to their greater illiteracy and lack of internet access, China’s older generations can rarely make their voices heard amidst sensationalist reporting that over-represents their offenses. Further, that the Chinese population is concerned with starkly increasing and profound social problems, yet is given few opportunities to comment on these problems’ structural roots, contributes to elder scapegoating.

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Notes

  1. After the case was appealed in a higher-level court, the parties settled for an undisclosed, smaller amount (Tang 2014).

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Acknowledgements

We thank Amber Gazso, Lijia Hou, Robert Rutherdale, Penni Stewart, Thomas Teo, and Yikun Zhao for their thoughtful comments, and York Centre for Asian Research and City Institute of York University for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. York University, 150 C Behavioral Science Building, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, M3J1P3, Canada

    Zhipeng Gao

  2. Graduate Program in Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada

    Zhipeng Gao

  3. Department of Sociology, York University, Toronto, Canada

    Katherine Bischoping

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Gao, Z., Bischoping, K. The Emergence of an Elder-Blaming Discourse in Twenty-First Century China. J Cross Cult Gerontol 33, 197–215 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10823-018-9347-7

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