Skip to main content
Log in

Validating the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised for Children in China Aged 3 to 8 with Autism Spectrum Disorder

  • Brief Report
  • Published:
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Research on the repetitive behavior of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has recently gained scholarly attention. Restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB) is a core ASD symptom of various patterns and high prevalence. The Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) is a standard questionnaire used to assess RRB in individuals with ASD. This study collected data from 163 Chinese children aged 3–8 with ASD to analyze the validity and reliability of the RBS-R. Results showed that the original tested items were adaptable to the Chinese cultural environment when treating such disorders. A confirmatory factor analysis was applied to the structuring models, indicating that a 5-factor model was more suitable for evaluating RRB in this context.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodfish, J. W., Symons, F. J., Parker, D. E., et al. (2000). Varieties of repetitive behavior in Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,30(3), 237–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esbensen, A. J., Seltzer, M. M., Lam, K. S. L., & Bodfish, J. W. (2009). Age-related differences in restricted repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,39(1), 57–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fulceri, F., Narzisi, A., Apicella, F., Balboni, G., Baldini, S., Brocchini, J., et al. (2016). Application of the repetitive behavior scale-revised—Italian version—in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities,48, 43–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Georgiades, S., Papageorgiou, V., & Anagnostou, E. (2010). Brief report: Repetitive behaviours in Greek individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,40(7), 903–906.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, H., & Hong, X. (2017). Behavioral intervention practices of restricted and repetitive behaviors for autism spectrum disorder children over the past decade. Journal of Northwest Normal University (Social Sciences),54(5), 137–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong, X. (2016). Case study of functional behavior assessment and intervention on vocal repetitive behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder. Master’s Dissertation, East China Normal University.

  • Inada, N., Ito, H., Yasunaga, K., Kuroda, M., Iwanaga, R., Hagiwara, T., et al. (2015). Psychometric properties of the repetitive behavior scale-revised for individuals with autism spectrum disorder in Japan. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,15–16, 60–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Test Commission. (2017). The ITC guidelines for translating and adapting tests (2nd ed.). Retrieved from www.InTestCom.org

  • Joseph, L., Thurm, A., Farmer, C., & Shumway, S. (2013). Repetitive behavior and restricted interests in young children with autism: Comparisons with controls and stability over 2 years. Autism Research,6(6), 584–595.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirby, A. V., Boyd, B. A., Williams, K. L., Faldowski, R. A., & Baranek, G. T. (2016). Sensory and repetitive behaviors among children with autism spectrum disorder at home. Autism,21(2), 142–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, K. S., & Aman, M. G. (2007). The repetitive behavior scale-revised: Independent validation in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,37(5), 855–866.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leekam, S. R., Prior, M. R., & Uljarevic, M. (2011). Restricted and repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders: A review of research in the last decade. Psychological Bulletin,137(4), 562–593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J., Jiang, Z., Cui, G., Guo, L., & Zhun, J. (2013). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) in children with autism. Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine,5(3), 208–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzo-Seva, U., & Ferrando, P. J. (2015). Polymat-c: A comprehensive SPSS program for computing the polychoric correlation matrix. Behavior Research Methods,47(3), 884–889.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-González, A. E., & Piqueras, J. A. (2017). Validation of the repetitive behavior scale-revised in Spanish-speakering participants with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,48(3), 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matson, D. J. L., Dempsey, T., & Fodstad, J. C. (2009). Stereotypies and repetitive/restrictive behaviours in infants with autism and pervasive developmental disorder. Pediatric Rehabilitation,12(3), 122–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mirenda, P., Smith, I. M., Vaillancourt, T., Georgiades, S., Duku, E., Szatmari, P., et al. (2010). Validating the repetitive behavior scale-revised in young children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,40(12), 1521–1530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rojahn, J., Schroeder, S. R., Mayoortega, L., Oyamaganiko, R., Leblanc, J., Marquis, J., et al. (2013). Validity and reliability of the behavior problems inventory, the aberrant behavior checklist, and the repetitive behavior scale-revised among infants and toddlers at risk for intellectual or developmental disabilities: A multi-method assessment approach. Research in Developmental Disabilities,34(5), 1804–1814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Test of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research,8(2), 23–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schertz, H. H., Odom, S. L., Baggett, K. M., & Sideris, J. H. (2016). Parent-reported repetitive behavior in toddlers on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,46(10), 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • South, M., Ozonoff, S., & Mcmahon, W. M. (2005). Repetitive behavior profiles in Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,35(2), 145–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Troyb, E., Knoch, K., Herlihy, L., Stevens, M. C., Chen, C. M., Barton, M., et al. (2016). Restricted and repetitive behaviors as predictors of outcome in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,46(4), 1282–1296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zumbo, B. D., Gadermann, A. M., & Zeisser, C. (2007). Ordinal versions of coefficients alpha and theta for Likert rating scales. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods,6, 21–29. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1177992180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research was supported by the Peak Discipline Construction Project of Education at East China Normal University, the Shanghai Office for Philosophy and Social Science (Grant No. 2018BYY017) and the Shanghai Major Innovation Project of Educational Science (Grant No. 2019-01-07-00-05-E00007) awarded to Huizhong He.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Huizhong He.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 5, 6,7, 8, 9, and 10 and Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Table 5 Polychoric matrix
Table 6 Rotated component matrix (Rotation converged in 12 iterations) of Model III
Table 7 Rotated component matrix (Rotation converged in 14 iterations) of Model IV
Table 8 Rotated component matrix (Rotation converged in 12 iterations) of Model V
Table 9 Rotated component matrix (Rotation converged in 11 iterations) of Model VI
Table 10 Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)
Fig. 2
figure 2

Model III standardized residuals stem-and-leaf plot

Fig. 3
figure 3

Model IV standardized residuals stem-and-leaf plot

Fig. 4
figure 4

Model V standardized residuals stem-and-leaf plot

Fig. 5
figure 5

Model VI standardized residuals stem-and-leaf plot

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

He, H., Ye, N., Yi, L. et al. Validating the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised for Children in China Aged 3 to 8 with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 49, 4941–4956 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04210-x

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04210-x

Keywords

Navigation