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Xanthine oxidase enzyme activity in keratoconic corneal epithelium

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Abstract

Purpose

To assess the activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme in keratoconic corneal epithelium and to evaluate its relationship with the keratoconus (KC) severity.

Methods

This prospective and randomized study included 66 eyes of 54 KC patients who received corneal collagen cross-linking treatment and 43 eyes of 32 patients who underwent photorefractive keratectomy due to their refractive error. During surgical procedures, the corneal epithelium was mechanically scraped and gathered to analyze the XO enzyme activity spectrophotometrically. The KC group was subdivided into three groups (stages 1, 2, and 3) according to the Amsler–Krumeich classification. The results were compared between the KC and the control group and in between KC subgroups.

Results

No significant differences in age and gender were found between the KC and control groups (p = 0.064 and p = 0.296, respectively). The mean XO activity levels of the KC and control groups were 173.57 ± 87.61 and 223.70 ± 99.52 mIU/mg, respectively (p < 0.001). In KC group, 33 eyes were at stage 1, 19 were at stage 2, and 14 were at stage 3. No significant difference was observed between KC subgroups regarding XO activity levels (p = 0.681).

Conclusion

In this study, our findings revealed that ultraviolet-related pro-oxidant XO enzyme may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of KC. Further studies are needed to support our result.

Clinical Trials Registration

When we started this study in 2018, we did not have a "Clinical Trials Registration." However, we have ethics committee approval (date: 21. 02. 2018/No: 22)

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Funding

No funds, grants, or other support was received.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hulusi Alatas Elmadag State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Burak Tanriverdi

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ozge Sarac & Nurullah Cagil

  3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Maresal Cakmak State Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey

    Hikmet Can Cubukcu

  4. Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey

    Mehtap Caglayan

  5. The Laboratory of Turkish Public Health Institution, Ankara, Turkey

    Zahide Esra Durak

  6. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Morphology Building, Ankara, Turkey

    Ilker Durak

Authors
  1. Burak Tanriverdi
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  2. Ozge Sarac
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  4. Mehtap Caglayan
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  5. Zahide Esra Durak
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  7. Nurullah Cagil
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation was performed by [N C] and [O S]. Data collection was performed by [B T]. Analysis was performed by [H C C], [M C], [Z E D], and [I D]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [B T], and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Burak Tanriverdi.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Local Institutional Ethical Committee of Yildirim Beyazit University Ataturk Education and Training Hospital. (date: 21. 02. 2018/No: 22).

Human and animal rights

This study does not include any animal research.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.

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Tanriverdi, B., Sarac, O., Cubukcu, H.C. et al. Xanthine oxidase enzyme activity in keratoconic corneal epithelium. Int Ophthalmol 41, 1063–1069 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01665-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01665-1

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