Abstract
The viscosity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids with four different cations and three different anions was measured to pressures of 126 MPa and at three temperatures (298.15 K, 323.15 K, and 343.15 K). The high-pressure viscosity of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([EMIm]), 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium ([HMIm]), and 1-n-decyl-3-methylimidazolium ([DMIm]) cations with a common anion, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Tf2N]), was measured to determine the alkyl-chain length effect of the cation. An increase in the alkyl-chain length increased the viscosity at elevated pressures. [DMIm] exhibited a larger nonlinear increase with pressure over the shorter alkyl substituents. Anion effects were investigated with [HMIm] as a common cation and anions of [Tf2N], hexafluorophosphate ([PF6]), and tetrafluoroborate ([BF4]). [HMIm][PF6], with the highest viscosity, demonstrated a very nonlinear pressure dependence even at relatively moderate pressures (to 30 MPa), similar to the results for [BMIm][PF6]. A combined Litovitz and Tait equation was utilized to describe the viscosity of the ionic liquids with pressure and temperature and demonstrated good correlation with the experimental data.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Forsyth S.A., Pringle J.M., MacFarlane D.R.: Aus. J. Chem. 57, 113 (2004)
Wilkes J.S.: J. Mol. Cat. A 214, 11 (2004)
Ropel L., Belveze L.S., Aki S., Stadtherr M.A., Brennecke J.F.: Green Chem. 7, 83 (2005)
Ahosseini A., Ren W., Scurto A.: Chem. Today/Chim. Oggi 25, 40 (2007)
Blanchard L.A., Hancu D., Beckman E.J., Brennecke J.F.: Nature 399, 28 (1999)
Cadena C., Anthony J.L., Shah J.K., Morrow T.I., Brennecke J.F., Maginn E.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 5300 (2004)
Fadeev A.G., Meagher M.M. Chem. Comm. 295 (2001)
Visser A.E., Swatloski R.P., Reichert W.M., Griffin S.T., Rogers R.D.: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res 39, 3596 (2000)
Quinn B.M., Ding Z., Moulton R., Bard A.J.: Langmuir 18, 1734 (2002)
Wilkes J.S., Levisky J.A., Wilson R.A., Hussey C.L.: Inorg. Chem. 21, 1263 (1982)
Endres F.: ChemPhysChem 3, 144 (2002)
Fuller J., Carlin R.T., Osteryoung R.A.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 144, 3881 (1997)
Fuller J., Breda A.C., Carlin R.T.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 459, 29 (1998)
Lu W., Fadeev A.G., Qi B., Smela E., Mattes B.R., Ding J., Spinks G.M., Mazurkiewicz J., Zhou D., Wallace G.G.: Science 297, 983 (2002)
Chauvin Y., Mussmann L., Olivier H.: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 34, 2698 (1995)
Kragl U., Eckstein M., Kaftzik N.: Curr. Opin. Biotech. 13, 565 (2002)
Lozano P., De Diego T., Carrié D., Vaultier M., Iborra J.L.: Biotech. Lett. 23, 1529 (2001)
Sheldon R.A., Lau R.M., Sorgedrager M.J., van Rantwijk F., Seddon K.R.: Green Chem. 4, 147 (2002)
Welton T.: Chem. Rev. 99, 2071 (1999)
Zhao D., Wu M., Kou Y., Min E.: Catal. Today 74, 157 (2002)
Van Valkenburg M.E., Vaughn R.L., Williams M., Wilkes J.S.: Thermochim. Acta 425, 181 (2005)
Koch V.R., Nanjundiah C., Carlin R.T., U.S. Patent No. 5,827,602, Oct. 27, 1998
Bird R.B., Stewart W.E., Lightfoot E.N.: Transport Phenomena. Wiley, New York (1960)
Tokuda H., Ishii K., Susan M., Tsuzuki S., Hayamizu K., Watanabe M.: J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2833 (2006)
Harris K.R., Kanakubo M., Woolf L.A.: J. Chem. Eng. Data 51, 1161 (2006)
Kelkar M.S., Maginn E.J.: J. Phys. Chem. B 111, 4867 (2007)
Glasstone S., Laidler K.J., Eyring H.: The Theory of Rate Processes. McGraw-Hill, New York (1941)
Kelkar M.S., Maginn E.J.: J. Phys. Chem. B 111, 4867 (2007)
Abbott A.P., Capper G., Gray S.: ChemPhysChem 7, 803 (2006)
Abbott A.P.: ChemPhysChem 6, 2503 (2005)
Abbott A.P.: ChemPhysChem 5, 1242 (2004)
Vogel H.: Phys. Z 22, 645 (1921)
Fulcher G.S.: Am. Ceram. Soc. J. 8, 339 (1925)
Tammann G., Hesse W.: Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 156, 245 (1926)
Litovitz T.A.: J. Chem. Phys. 20, 1088 (1952)
Litovitz T.A.: J. Chem. Phys. 20, 1980 (1952)
Crosthwaite J.M., Muldoon M.J., Dixon J.K., Anderson J.L., Brennecke J.F.: J. Chem. Thermodyn. 37, 559 (2005)
Tokuda H., Hayamizu K., Ishii K., Susan M., Watanabe M.: J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 16593 (2004)
Tokuda H., Hayamizu K., Ishii K., Susan M., Watanabe M.: J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 6103 (2005)
Harris K.R., Woolf L.A., Kanakubo M.: J. Chem. Eng. Data 50, 1777 (2005)
Harris K.R., Kanakubo M., Woolf L.A.: J. Chem. Eng. Data 52, 1080 (2007)
Kanakubo M., Harris K.R., Tsuchihashi N., Ibuki K., Ueno M.: J. Phys. Chem. B 111, 2062 (2007)
Tomida D., Kumagai A., Qiao K., Yokoyama C.: Int. J. Thermophys. 27, 39 (2006)
Tomida D., Kumagai A., Kenmochi S., Qiao K., Yokoyama C.: J. Chem. Eng. Data 52, 577 (2007)
Dymond J.H., Malhotra R.: Int. J. Thermophys. 9, 941 (1988)
Kashiwagi H., Makita T.: Int. J. Thermophys. 3, 289 (1982)
Bonhôte P., Dias A.P., Papageorgiou N., Kalyanasundaram K., Gratzel M.: Inorg. Chem. 35, 1168 (1996)
Burrell A.K., Sesto R.E.D., Baker S.N., McCleskey T.M., Baker G.A.: Green Chem. 9, 449 (2007)
Nockemann P., Binnemans K., Driesen K.: Chem. Phys. Lett. 415, 131 (2005)
Maruyama T., Nagasawa S., Goto M.: Biotech. Lett. 24, 1341 (2002)
Wang B., Kang Y.R., Yang L.M., Suo J.S.: J. Mol. Catal. A 203, 29 (2003)
Dymond J.H., Young K.J., Isdale J.D.: Int. J. Thermophys. 1, 345 (1980)
Kiran E., Sen Y.L.: Int. J. Thermophys. 13, 411 (1992)
Oliveira C.M.B.P., Wakeham W.A.: Int. J. Thermophys. 13, 773 (1992)
Fieggen W.: Recl. Trav. Chim. Pay. B 89, 625 (1970)
Ray H.S., Pal S.: Ironmak. Steelmak. 31, 125 (2004)
Xiong Y., Kiran E.: Polymer 38, 5185 (1997)
Dyre J.C., Christensen T., Olsen N.B.: J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 4635 (2006)
Mano J.F., Pereira E.: J. Phys. Chem. 108, 10824 (2004)
Huddleston J.G., Visser A.E., Reichert W.M., Willauer H.D., Broker G.A., Rogers R.D.: Green Chem. 3, 156 (2001)
Angell C.: J. Phys. Chem. Solids 49, 863 (1988)
Seddon K.R., Stark A., Torres M.J.: Pure Appl. Chem. 72, 2275 (2000)
Widegren J.A., Laesecke A., Magee J.W. Chem. Commun. 1610 (2005)
Tokuda H., Ishii K., Susan M., Tsuzuki S., Hayamizu K., Watanabe M.: J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 2833 (2006)
Gomesde Azevedo R., Esperança J.M.S.S., Najdanovic-Visak V., Visak Z.P., Guedes H.J.R., Nunesda Ponte M., Rebelo L.P.N.: J. Chem. Eng. Data 50, 997 (2005)
Gomesde Azevedo R., Esperança J., Szydlowski J., Visak Z.P., Pires P.F., Guedes H.J.R., Rebelo L.P.N.: J. Chem. Thermodyn. 37, 888 (2005)
Sanmamed Y.A., González-Salgado D., Troncoso J., Cerdeiriña C.A., Romaní L.: Fluid Phase Equilib. 252, 96 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ahosseini, A., Scurto, A.M. Viscosity of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids at Elevated Pressures: Cation and Anion Effects. Int J Thermophys 29, 1222–1243 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0497-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0497-7