Abstract
From the kind of data used, to the creativity of approaches aimed at exploring social networks in the past, applications of social network analysis (SNA) in archaeology are characterized by exceptional diversity. In recent years, applications of SNA by historians and history-adjacent scholars have also increased dramatically, partly as a product of the growing field of digital humanities. In the North American sense of the term, the utility of social network analysis has yet to be substantively realized by historical archaeologists. In this paper, we use two case studies from the southeastern United States to illustrate the potential that social network analyses could offer historical archaeologists. In particular, we highlight how social network analysis can be employed as a framework for the integrated consideration of both archaeological and documentary evidence to explore the distribution, accumulation, control, and production of social capital in the past. In our first case study we leverage archaeological networks as a proxy for social capital to explore the contradictions and complementarity of archaeological data and the ethnohistorical record on the Indigenous politics of sixteenth-century Southern Appalachia. In our second example we examine networks of tasks and spaces across a nineteenth-century enslaved community on the Georgia Coast to understand how social capital can be differentially accumulated and accessed within particular spaces and practices. Through these examples, we demonstrate the potential for social network analysis to enrich the research programs and support the goals of North American historical archaeologists and to link such research into broader themes across the social and humanistic sciences.
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We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers as well as the editor, Charles Orser, for their excellent comments, thoughts, and suggestions which have greatly improved the quality and value of this manuscript. We would also like to extend gratitude to RaeLynn Butler, Turner Hunt, and LeeAnn Wendt of the Muscogee Nation Historical and Cultural Preservation Department for their comments on and contributions to early drafts of this manuscript.
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Holland-Lulewicz, J., Roberts Thompson, A.D. Incomplete Histories and Hidden Lives: The Case for Social Network Analysis in Historical Archaeology. Int J Histor Archaeol 26, 1025–1053 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10761-021-00638-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10761-021-00638-z