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VCP Inhibition Augments NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

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Abstract

Lysosomal membrane permeabilization caused either via phagocytosis of particulates or the uptake of protein aggregates can trigger the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome- an intense inflammatory response that drives the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β by regulating the activity of CASPASE 1. The maintenance of lysosomal homeostasis and lysosomal membrane integrity is facilitated by the AAA+ ATPase, VCP/p97 (VCP). However, the relationship between VCP and NLRP3 inflammasome activity remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the VCP inhibitors, DBeQ and ML240 elicit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) when used as activation stimuli. Moreover, genetic inhibition of VCP or VCP chemical inhibition enhances lysosomal membrane damage and augments LLoME-associated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in BMDMs. Similarly, VCP inactivation also augments NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by aggregated alpha-synuclein fibrils and lysosomal damage. These data suggest that VCP is a participant in the complex regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

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Data Availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Abbreviations

AAA+ ATPase:

ATPase associated with different cellular activities adenosine triphosphatase

BMDMs:

Bone-marrow-derived macrophages

DAMPs:

Damage-associated molecular patterns

NLRP3:

Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich–containing family, pyrin domain–containing-3

IL-1β:

Interleukin 1β

VCP:

Valosin-containing protein

iPSCS:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

LLoMe:

L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester

ERAD:

Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation

NOD:

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain

LRR:

Leucine-rich repeats

IBMPFD:

Inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia

MSP:

Multisystem proteinopathy

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

SQSTM1:

Sequestosome-1

αS PFF:

α-Synuclein preformed fibrils

TDP-43:

Transactive response DNA binding protein-43

ALS:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

NFκB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

PD:

Parkinson's disease

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

PBST:

Phosphate Buffer Saline, 0.1% Tween 20

RT:

Room Temperature

BSA:

Bovine Serum Albumin

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

DAMPS:

Damage-associated molecular patterns

ASC:

Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

GAL-3:

GALECTIN-3

VIN:

VINCULIN

FTD:

Frontotemporal dementia

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Funding

This work was supported by National Institute on Aging (Grant number: R01AG031867), National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease (Grant number: K24AR073317), National Institutes of Health(Grant number: NS110436) and National Institutes of Health (Grant number: NS097799).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Ankita Sharma, Dhruva D. Dhavale, Paul T. Kotzbauer & Conrad C. Weihl

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  1. Ankita Sharma
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Contributions

AS designed and performed the experiments, did the formal analysis, and wrote the original draft, DD, and PK provided Recombinant Alpha-synuclein fibrils used in Figs. 3 and 4 and CW conceptualized, guided the experiments, and reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Conrad C. Weihl.

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Sharma, A., Dhavale, D.D., Kotzbauer, P.T. et al. VCP Inhibition Augments NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Inflammation (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-024-02013-6

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