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MicroRNA: Could It Play a Role in Bovine Endometritis?

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Abstract

Endometritis in dairy cows is a major economic problem worldwide; without advances in lifestyle management and drug treatment, it causes high morbidity and death. Micro ribonucleic acid (miRNAs) these days is seen as an important part of gene control networks. It is a class of small nucleotides 20–25, single-stranded RNA molecules. In endometritis, the inflammatory response caused by the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) alters the expression of miRNA which can regulate the innate immune system. This manuscript reviews (1) the interaction of miRNAs with the signaling of NF-κB and dysregulation of miRNAs and NF-κB activity in endometritis and (2) the activity of miR-let-7c, miR-148a, and miR-488 in NF-κB activation and their effect on endometritis. Cows with reduced immunity are more vulnerable to transition diseases, such as endometritis. During post-partum, cows undergo stress, metabolic disorders, hormonal imbalance, negative energy balance, and changes in diet. One of the many categories of regulatory molecules, which explain its natural function and pathological impact on NF-κB dysregulation, is important to inform the complexity of the immune system and to develop treatments for endometritis. It shows that miRNAs could have multiple applications in veterinary medicine. Nevertheless, a comprehensive study of is essential which should be aimed at exploring the role of microRNA at physiological level and its effect due to dysfunction and dysregulation.

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Acknowledgements

Many thanks to all the members of the Huazhong Agricultural University Veterinary Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory for all the helpful suggestions. We are also thankful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31972744, 31772816).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Talha Umar, Baoyi Yin, Xiaofei Ma, Kangfeng Jiang, Muhammad Akhtar, Aftab Shaukat & Ganzhen Deng

  2. Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People’s Republic of China

    Saqib Umer

  3. Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan

    Zaima Umar

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  1. Talha Umar
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Contributions

T.U. and G.D. conceived the idea and outlined the sketch. T.U. and S.U. wrote the initial manuscript. B.Y. assisted in figures and literature. X.M. modified the manuscript. Z.U. and S.U substantially revised the manuscript. All authors read the manuscript and consented to publication.

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Correspondence to Ganzhen Deng.

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Umar, T., Yin, B., Umer, S. et al. MicroRNA: Could It Play a Role in Bovine Endometritis?. Inflammation 44, 1683–1695 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-021-01458-3

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