Abstract
An amorphous iron/carbon mixture was prepared by sonolysis of ferrocene in diphenylmethane. Heating of the amorphous mixture at 900 or 1200 °C produced nanoparticles, which were then analyzed using Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy.
The nanoparticles obtained after heating were spherical with diameters of about 50 nm. The sample obtained after heating at 900 °C consisted of α-Fe and Fe 3C, whereas the sample obtained after heating at 1200 °C consisted of α-Fe and γ-Fe. The reaction of the mixture during the heating process was accompanied by the formation of carbon nanotubes catalyzed by the iron or iron carbide nanoparticles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sáez, V., Mason, T.J.: Sonoelectrochemical synthesis of nanoparticles. Molecules 14, 4284–4299 (2009)
González, J.R., Menéndez, R., Alcántara, R., Nacimiento, F., Tirado, J.L., Zhecheva, E., Stoyanova, R.: High-intensity ultrasonication as a way to prepare graphene/amorphous iron oxyhydroxide hybrid electrode with high capacity in lithium battery. Ultrason. Sonochem. 24, 238–246 (2015)
Nikitenko, S.I., Koltypin, Y., Felner, I., Yeshurun, I., Shames, A.I., Jiang, J.Z., Markovich, V., Gorodetsky, G., Gedanken, A.: Tailoring the properties of Fe −Fe3C Nanocrystalline particles prepared by sonochemistry. J. Phys. Chem. B. 108, 7620–7626 (2004)
Miyatani, R., Yamada, Y., Kobayashi, Y.: Mössbauer study of iron carbide nanoparticles produced by sonochemical synthesis. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 303, 1503–1506 (2015)
Okamoto, H.: The C-Fe (carbon-iron) system. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 13, 543–565 (1992)
Zhao, X., Liang, Y., Hu, Z.: Investigation on the martensitic transformation in γ-Fe (n) nanoparticles. Nanostruct. Mater. 7, 313–325 (1996)
Ustinovshikov, Y.I.: On the iron-carbon phase diagram. Russ. Metall. (Metally) 2009, 437–440 (2009)
Powder Diffraction Datafile. Fe3C: PDF #72-1110; α-Fe: PDF #06-0696; γ-Fe: PDF#31-619; Ti-metal: PDF #44-1294; TiC: PDF#32-1383; Graphite: PDF #41-1487
Stupel, M.M., Ron, M., Weiss, B.Z.: Phase identification in titanium-rich Ti-Fe system by Mössbauer spectroscopy. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 6–12 (1976)
Hafner, J.H., Bronikowski, M.J., Azamian, B.R., Nikolaev, P., Rinzler, A.G., Colbert, D.T., Smith, K.A., Smalley, R.E.: Catalytic growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes from metal particles. Chem. Phys. Lett. 296, 195–202 (1998)
Katoh, R., Tasaka, Y., Sekreta, E., Yumura, M., Ikazaki, F., Kakudate, Y., Fujiwara, S.: Sonochemical production of a carbon nanotube. Ultrason. Sonochem. 6, 185–187 (1999)
Jiang, L., Gao, L., Sun, J.: Production of aqueous colloidal dispersions of carbon nanotubes. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 260, 89–94 (2003)
Rance, G.A., Marsh, D.H., Nicholas, R.J., Khlobystov, A.N.: UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes: Relationship between the π-electron plasmon and nanotube diameter. Chem. Phys. Lett. 493, 19–23 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Proceedings of the 3rd Mediterranean Conference on the Applications of the Mössbauer Effect (MECAME 2017), Jerusalem, Israel, 5-7 June 2017
Edited by Mira Ristic, Stjepko Krehula, Israel Nowik and Israel Felner
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Miyatani, R., Kobayashi, Y. & Yamada, Y. Thermal reaction of sonochemically prepared amorphous Fe/C. Hyperfine Interact 238, 61 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-017-1432-8
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-017-1432-8