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Nutritional characterization of aquatic plants in different floodplain habitats of the Central Amazon

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Abstract

We conducted a study to characterize the nutritional composition of the main aquatic herbaceous plants in two protected areas within the Central Amazon. Our investigation aimed to evaluate possible nutritional variations in these plant species between two floodplains contrasting in fertility throughout the annual hydrological cycle and to examine if such differences might influence Amazonian manatee migration patterns. Plant samples were collected during high water levels (2007), receding water levels (2013), and low water levels (2008). Bromatological analysis was employed to characterize various nutritional parameters including dry matter, moisture, crude protein, fat, mineral matter, non-nitrogenous extract, and digestible energy. Our findings revealed no significant variations in nutritional contents between herbaceous plants from várzea and igapó environments. However, nutrient compositions varied within each floodplain type across different hydrological periods. High levels of fat and crude fiber observed in both environments during high and receding water periods suggest an energetic contribution to the manatee's reproductive, migratory, and feeding restrictions. Nonetheless, irrespective of hydrological periods and environmental types, Amazonian manatees appear to have assess to aquatic plants with adequate nutritional requirements. Thus, migrations may be more closely associated with physical constraints of the environments rather than solely driven by the animal's feeding demands.

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Acknowledgements

We dedicate this work to Manoel Pereira Filho (in memoriam) and thank the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM) and the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Amazonas (FAPEAM) for financial support. Moreover, we thank the Brazilian Council for Scientific Research (CNPq) for financing the research project Long-term Ecological Research Network–PELD (CNPq/CAPES/FAPS/BC, NEWTON PROGRAM FUND; Grant Number: 441590/2016‐0 and MCTI/CNPq/FAPs; Grant Number: 403792/2012-6); INPA/MAUA Group, PPI: 1090-5; INCT-ADAPTA (CNPq grant number: 465540/2014‐7; FAPEAM Grant Number: 062.1187/2017) M. T. F. Piedade CNPq productivity fellowship (grant number 310547/2016-4). All thanks the Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology, and Innovation (ICETI) for the research grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Pesquisas Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Monitoramento e Uso Sustentável das Áreas Úmidas da Amazônia (MAUA), Manaus, AM, 69011-970, Brazil

    Michelle Gil Guterres-Pazin, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade & Aline Lopes

  2. Grupo de Pesquisa em Mamíferos Aquáticos Amazônicos (GPMAA), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM), Tefé, AM, 69553-225, Brazil

    Michelle Gil Guterres-Pazin & Miriam Marmontel

  3. Laboratório Mamíferos Aquáticos, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, AM, 69011-970, Brazil

    Fernando César Weber Rosas

  4. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil

    Ludmilla Geraldo Di Santo

  5. Área de Proteção Ambiental da Baleia Franca (APABF/ICMBIO), Imbituba, SC, 88780-000, Brazil

    Victor Fernando Volpato Pazin

  6. Universidade Cesumar, Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias Limpas, Maringá, PR, 87050-900, Brazil

    Aline Lopes

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We, the authors of the manuscript titled 'NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUATIC PLANTS IN DIFFERENT FLOODPLAIN HABITATS OF THE CENTRAL AMAZON,' namely Michelle Gil Guterres-Pazin, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Miriam Marmontel, Fernando César Weber Rosas, Ludmilla Geraldo Di Santo, Victor Fernando Volpato Pazin, and Aline Lopes, hereby declare that we assume full editorial responsibility for its content.This manuscript has been submitted for publication exclusively to Hydrobiologia. We affirm that this work is original and has not been published elsewhere. Each listed author has made significant contributions to the development of this study. Furthermore, we confirm that all authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript before submission.

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Guterres-Pazin, M.G., Piedade, M.T.F., Marmontel, M. et al. Nutritional characterization of aquatic plants in different floodplain habitats of the Central Amazon. Hydrobiologia (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05564-9

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