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Rooted floating-leaf macrophytes structure the coexistence of different phytoplankton assemblages within a shallow lake

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Abstract

Aquatic macrophytes in shallow lakes control habitats through local turbulence, water transparency, nutrient, and oxygen concentrations. As engineer species, they structure these ecosystems and increase biodiversity. Many studies have focused on submerged macrophytes, but research on habitats created by rooted floating-leaf macrophytes is scarcer. Macrophytes such as water lilies should have the similar ecological consequences as submerged macrophytes do, but with a greater shading effect. In this study, we show how macrophytes structure phytoplankton assemblages and allow different assemblages to coexist in the same shallow lake. During the summer of 2018, we characterized the phytoplankton assemblages in 9 stations covered by water lilies and 6 stations in open water, all in a large shallow lake. The lake was colonized on a third of its surface by water lilies from April to October. We showed an effect of waterlilies on temperature, oxygen, pH, turbidity, phosphates, and dissolved silicon. Many phytoplankton taxa from almost all classes were in higher abundance in the stations covered by macrophytes, while cyanobacteria showed a higher biomass and richness in open water. Unicellular mixotrophic flagellates predominated in the macrophyte habitats, where all representatives of the classes Euglenophyceae and Cryptophyceae were present.

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Data Availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Water Agency of Loire Bretagne for co-funding the two-year project, while a European grant co-funded one of the two years (FEDER grant 2017-EX002533). The authors are thankful to the National Society of Nature protection (SNPN) and to the Syndicat du Bassin versant de Grand-Lieu, in charge of Lake and its drainage basin management. We thank Viktória B-Béres and two anonymous referees for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.

Funding

The study was supported by a research grant co-funded by the Water Agency of Loire Bretagne and European funds (PO Interrégional FEDER bassin de la Loire n° 2017-EX002533).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, University of Rennes, Rennes, France

    Alexandrine Pannard, Stéphanie Massé, Stéphanie Llopis, Guillaume Bouger & Christophe Piscart

  2. UMR 1069 SAS, INRAE, Rennes, France

    Alexandrine Pannard

  3. Bi-Eau, Angers, France

    Maria Leitao & Sara Morata

  4. Société Nationale de Protection de la Nature, Réserve Naturelle Nationale du lac de Grand-Lieu, La Chaussée, 44830, Bouaye, France

    Jean-Marc Gillier

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  1. Alexandrine Pannard
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  2. Stéphanie Massé
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  3. Stéphanie Llopis
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  4. Maria Leitao
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  5. Sara Morata
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  8. Christophe Piscart
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Contributions

AP obtained the funding. SMa, AP, SL, GB and J-MG performed the field sampling. ML and SMo performed phytoplankton identification and counting. SMa and SL performed zooplankton identification and counting. AP performed the data analyses and statistics. AP and CP wrote the manuscript, with substantial contributions from all authors.

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Correspondence to Alexandrine Pannard.

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Guest editors: Viktória B-Béres, Luigi Naselli-Flores, Judit Padisák & Gábor Borics / Trait-Based Approaches in Micro-Algal Ecology

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Figure S1.

Boxplots of species abundances depending on habitats (green, M; blue, OW). Kruskall-Wallis tests: *** P<0.001; ** P<0.01; * P<0.05. Boxplots, distribution of each parameter, with five summary statistics: the median, the first and third quartiles, the median ± 1.5 * IQR (corresponding to the inter-quartile range, i.e., the distance between the first and third quartiles). Data outside the 1.5*IQR interval (outliers) are plotted individually. (TIFF 33976 kb)

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Pannard, A., Massé, S., Llopis, S. et al. Rooted floating-leaf macrophytes structure the coexistence of different phytoplankton assemblages within a shallow lake. Hydrobiologia 851, 915–939 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05366-5

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