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Influence of land use on the structure and functional diversity of aquatic insects in neotropical streams

  • STREAM ECOLOGY
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Abstract

Although many studies show the negative impacts of agricultural activities on aquatic ecosystems, few relate functional and structural characteristics of the biota. We evaluate the structure and functional dynamics of aquatic insects in headwater streams with different degrees of land cover and in different hydrological periods, in a hydrographic basin where agriculture and livestock predominate. Three diversity indices were measured: functional richness (FRic), functional equitability (FEve) and functional dispersal (FDis), with the highest values recorded for Trichoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and Odonata. From the results, the abundance was higher in the dry season and some families were exclusive to this period. In the rainy season, there was a decline in total abundance and richness of families and an increase of Diptera in urban streams. In rural streams, we registered an occurrence of Odonata, Coleoptera and EPT and a reduction of Diptera. The recorded data confirm that urbanization has negative effects on ecosystem functioning, since urban streams showed lower richness, dispersion and functional evenness. Furthermore, the increase in taxonomic diversity was accompanied by an increase in functional diversity, which reinforces the importance of the combined approach of functional and structural traits to better understand the impacts of anthropic changes in neotropical streams.

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Data availability

The authors declare that, upon request, the data used to carry out this article are available.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES-PROAP) for the scholarship granted to N. R., Machado and the financial support to the project. In addition, we thank the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), the team from the Laboratory of Benthic Aquatic Invertebrates – LIAB and the UNIOESTE team, for support provided during this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Palotina Sector, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil

    Tássia J. Malacarne & Yara Moretto

  2. Graduate Course in Fisheries Resources and Fishing Engineering, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Toledo, Paraná, Brazil

    Nilmara R. Machado

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  1. Tássia J. Malacarne
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  2. Nilmara R. Machado
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  3. Yara Moretto
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Correspondence to Tássia J. Malacarne.

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Malacarne, T.J., Machado, N.R. & Moretto, Y. Influence of land use on the structure and functional diversity of aquatic insects in neotropical streams. Hydrobiologia 851, 265–280 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05207-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05207-5

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