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Intraspecific variation in Potamogeton illinoensis life history and seed germination has implications for restoration in eutrophic lakes

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Abstract

Potamogeton illinoensis is a North American macrophyte, commonly the focus of management, but limited knowledge of its life history hampers conservation and restoration efforts. We conducted greenhouse and growth chamber experiments and field monitoring to understand intraspecific variation in P. illinoensis reproduction and germination traits, monitoring one restored and three natural populations in Central Florida, USA. We assessed reproductive phenology, seed banks in the fall and spring, and germination across different light, temperature, sediment, and ethylene treatments. Flowering and seeding occurred spring through fall, with the highest seed bank densities in fall and minimal seeds detected in late spring. Seeds germinated at the highest percentages in light from 20 to 25°C, and at higher percentages in highly organic field-collected soil. Seeds treated with ethephon, which emits ethylene (commonly produced by submerged organic sediments), germinated at nearly twice the percentage as those exposed to water alone. While these reproductive and germination patterns were true across populations, there was variation among populations in seed bank densities, the most favorable germination temperatures, and overall germination percentages, indicating population differences contribute to reproductive performance. These results suggest restoration via seeds will be limited in conditions with low light or in unconsolidated sediments where burial is likely.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the St. Johns River Water Management District grant 31945. We thank W. Scheffel, A. Looby, R. Goebel, C. Nicholson, N. Medina Irizarry, A. Matys, and E. Murphy for assistance with experiment implementation.

Funding

This study was funded by St. Johns River Water Management District Grant # 31945.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Christine B. Rohal & Laura K. Reynolds

  2. Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Christine B. Rohal, Carrie Reinhardt Adams & Sarah Tevlin

  3. Nature Coast Biological Station, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32625, USA

    Charles W. Martin

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation and data collection were performed by CR and ST, CR completed the analysis and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Laura K. Reynolds.

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Rohal, C.B., Adams, C.R., Martin, C.W. et al. Intraspecific variation in Potamogeton illinoensis life history and seed germination has implications for restoration in eutrophic lakes. Hydrobiologia 849, 3481–3500 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04947-0

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