Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental factors that stimulates plant metabolism. Zhong Ming 6 (ZM6) is a green tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivar that highly accumulates TGGP (1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranose). Here, three kinds of supplemental light wavelengths, including blue light (BL, 200 µmol m–2 s–1), red light (RL, 200 µmol m–2 s–1), and white light (WL/CK, 200 µmol m–2 s–1), were applied to explore their effects on the transcriptomes and metabolomes of young shoots (one bud and two leaves) in tea plants. Interestingly, artificial BL and RL significantly affected the secondary metabolites and transcriptome factors of tea plants. Here, BL had strong effects on multiple physiological actions related to secondary metabolism. In addition, RL could induce plant growth, development, and photosynthesis. Eight structural genes and 34 transcription factors (TFs) that were significantly correlated with total catechin (TC) and anthocyanin contents were identified. Due to the upregulation of the CsGSTF12 gene in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, anthocyanin production under BL was much higher than those under RL and WL. However, CsMYB75, Cs3GGT, bHLH-MYC, and other R2R3-MYBs were also highly upregulated under BL, which increased the accumulation of TC and anthocyanins in tea plants. The CsMYB4 gene was highly significant and positively correlated with TC and anthocyanin accumulation under RL. We showed that BL is less conducive to plant growth due to the number of functional metabolites (gallic acid, caffeine, TC, TGGP, and anthocyanin) that were increased. RL can also be used to increase the chlorophyll content and tea yield, as well as for improving taste, quality, and metabolic mechanisms of the tea plant.
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Abbreviations
- BL:
-
Blue light
- WL:
-
White light
- TF:
-
Transcription factor
- LEDs:
-
Light emitting diodes
- DEGs:
-
Differentially expressed genes
- KEGG:
-
Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes
- DETFs:
-
Differentially expressed transcription factors
- LQ:
-
Light quality
- ANR:
-
Anthocyanidin reductase
- ANS:
-
Anthocyanidin synthase
- C:
-
Catechins
- 4CL:
-
4-Coumarate CoA ligase
- CHI:
-
Chalcone isomerase
- DFR:
-
Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
- FPKM:
-
Fragments per kb per million
- HPLC:
-
High performance liquid chromatography
- LAR:
-
Leuco-anthocyanidin reductase
- NCBI:
-
Non-redundant protein database
- SPSS:
-
Statistical package for the social sciences
- FW:
-
Fresh weight
- RL:
-
Red light
- EGC:
-
Epigallate-catechin
- EC:
-
Epicatechin
- ECG:
-
Epicatechin gallate
- EGCG:
-
Epigallocatechin gallate
- TCCP:
-
1, 2, 6-Tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranose
- TC:
-
Total catechin
- PAL:
-
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
- F3H:
-
Flavanone 3-hydroxylase
- F3′H:
-
Flavanone 3′-hydroxylase
- F3′5′H:
-
Flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase
- FDR:
-
False discovery rate
- CHS:
-
Chalcone synthase
- FLS:
-
Flavonol synthase
- PCA:
-
Principal component analysis
- qRT-PCR:
-
Quantitative real-time PCR
- GSTF12:
-
Glutathione S-transferase F12
- 3GGT:
-
3-O-Glucoside-2″-O-glucosyltransferase
- UFGT:
-
UDP-glucose:chalcone2′-O-glucosyltransferase
- GO:
-
Gene ontology
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We gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.32070335), the Central Public Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (Grant No. 1610212020002), Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Agricultural New Variety Breeding-Tea Plant (2021C02067-7-1) and China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-19).
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SA, WK, LW, HC conceived and designed the experiments. SA, KW, LR, YZ, PB, LW, XH, and WY helped to data collection and performed the experiments. SA and KW analyzed the data. KW, LW, and HC contributed reagents, materials analysis tools. SA and WK wrote the paper.
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Shirin, A., Zhang, Y., Mao, P. et al. Responses of secondary metabolites and transcriptomes in the tea cultivar ‘Zhong Ming 6’ (Camellia sinensis) to blue light and red light. Plant Growth Regul 98, 343–358 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00867-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00867-0