Abstract
Greater burdock (Arctium lappa L.), a biennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a rich source of some bioactive compounds including chlorogenic acid, arctiin, and inulin which are involved in the treatment of a broad range of disorders. In this study, the phytochemical variability and antioxidant activity of nine Iranian A. lappa populations collected from different geographical regions were investigated. The highest content of chlorogenic acid was recorded in Baft (76.48 mg/g DW), Rudsar (75.5 mg/g DW), and Bijar (74.8 mg/g DW) populations, respectively. The content of chlorogenic acid in A. lappa seeds ranged from 23.4 to 75.1 mg/g DW with the lowest content in the Baft population and the highest content in the Savadkooh population. In addition, the highest content of arctiin was found in the seeds of Savadkooh (78.21 mg/g DW) and Baft (77.7 mg/g DW) populations. The mean total carbohydrate content in A. lappa populations was 31.8 mg/g DW. The maximum antioxidant activity was observed in the roots of Roodsar (IC50 = 78.2 µg/mL) and seeds of Firoozkooh (IC50 = 174.8 µg/mL) populations. In comparison, the antioxidant activity of the roots was the most reliable among the extracts. This information provides a perspective for the plant used in domestication, conservation, and breeding programs and for further commercial exploitation in food industries as a potent natural antioxidant source.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Shahid Beheshti University Research Council for the financial support of this project. We also wish to thank Dr. Hamid Ahadi and Dr. Azadeh Khademian for their kind help in phytochemical analyses, and Dr. Javad Hadian, Dr. Hassan Rezadoost and Dr. Samad Nejad Ebrahimi for their guidance and Mr. Hatami, Mr. Abedi, Dr. Ghasem Eghlima, Mr. and Mrs. Islami for their kindness in helping to collect the plants.
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MF: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis. HE: Methodology, Formal analysis, Data interpretation, Writing, and Editing. MMF: Advising, Methodology, Formal analysis, Reviewe, and Editing. MHM: Supervision, Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Writing and Editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Fayyazi, M., Esmaeili, H., Moridi Farimani, M. et al. Variations in phytochemical traits, total carbohydrate, and antioxidant activity of Iranian wild populations of greater burdock (Arctium lappa L.). Genet Resour Crop Evol 71, 915–927 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01672-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01672-y