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Development of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] core collection based on agro-morphological traits

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Abstract

Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] is a major edible oil crop of India. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR) and ICAR—Directorate of Rapeseed Mustard Research (DRMR) together conserve one of the largest global collection of Indian mustard germplasm comprising 5950 accessions which includes indigenously collected landraces, exotic accessions, breeding lines, Improved/released cultivars, registered genetic stocks and other type of material of unknown origin. However, only a small fraction of this huge collection has been deployed in the breeding programme due to lack of information on majority of accessions. The objective of this study was to develop a core collection of Indian mustard to enhance utilization of conserved germplasm in crop improvement programme. For this purpose, the accessions were characterized at one ideal site (Bharatpur) using 14 agro-morphological traits and the resultant data was analysed using three state-of-the-art core collection construction tools—MSTRAT, Power Core and Core Hunter 3 (CH3), to obtain three core sets each with 595 accessions. The quality of these core sets was evaluated and compared using two genetic distance based metrices (E-NE & A-NE), several summary statistics, Shannon diversity index, phenotypic correlations etc. The core collection generated using CH3 which optimized simultaneously for both representativeness and diversity was found the best in capturing the genetic variation existed in the base collection for all the 14 traits. The diversity represented in the core collection will therefore, be a guideline to breeders for a wider use of the Indian mustard genetic resources available in the genebank for identification and introgression of new useful traits, as well as for delineation of their genetic basis particularly through marker-trait association.

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Acknowledgements

The first and corresponding author highly thankful to all the three Directors of ICAR-DRMR, Bharatpur, Rajasthan-321 303, India, at the helm during the study period, for resource facilitation; all the 12 Project Assistants for data curation; and ICAR, New Delhi, India, for funding under Consortia Research Project on Agro-biodiversity (CRP-AB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Wellington, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, 643 231, India

    Joghee Nanjundan

  2. ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Jayaraman Aravind, Jalli Radhamani & Rishi Kumar Tyagi

  3. ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, 321 303, India

    Kunwar Harendra Singh, Arun Kumar, Ajay Kumar Thakur, Karnal Singh, Kailash Narayan Meena & Dhiraj Singh

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  1. Joghee Nanjundan
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  2. Jayaraman Aravind
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  3. Jalli Radhamani
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  4. Kunwar Harendra Singh
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  5. Arun Kumar
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  7. Karnal Singh
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  10. Dhiraj Singh
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Correspondence to Joghee Nanjundan.

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10722_2021_1211_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx

The list of Indian mustard entries included in the core set along with the detailed passport data (country and state of origin, biological status etc.) are included in this manuscript as a supplementary information file. (XLSX 47 kb)

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Nanjundan, J., Aravind, J., Radhamani, J. et al. Development of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] core collection based on agro-morphological traits. Genet Resour Crop Evol 69, 145–162 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-021-01211-7

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