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New Features in the Subsurface Structure Model of El Hierro Island (Canaries) from Low-Frequency Microseismic Sounding: An Insight into the 2011 Seismo-Volcanic Crisis

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Abstract

To study the deep structure of El Hierro Island, Canarian Archipelago, we have used a microseismic sounding method (MSM) based on the fact that heterogeneities of the Earth’s crust disturb the spectrum of the low-frequency microseismic field in their vicinity. So, at the Earth’s surface, the spectral amplitudes of definite frequency f above the high-velocity heterogeneities are decreasing, and above the low-velocity ones they are increasing. Moreover, the frequency f is connected with the depth of a heterogeneity H and the velocity of the fundamental mode of Rayleigh waves V R(f) through the relation H ≈ 0.4V R(f)/f. From these relations, the MSM lets us model the subsurface structure in a 3D context by inverting the amplitude-frequency spatial distribution of the microseismic field of low frequency. The validity of the method is shown through of numerical simulations and previous applications with known or verified solutions. This MSM is now used to invert the microseismic data registered in El Hierro Island. The obtained subsurface model reveals two large intrusive bodies beneath the island. Joint interpretation of microseismic and gravimetric data and their comparison with the available geological studies relate the central-eastern intrusive body to the early stage of the island formation. With respect to the western intrusive body, at the depths of 15–25 km, an area with lowest seismic velocities is identified, where we suggest that a modern magmatic reservoir is located. This reservoir could be associated with the recent submarine eruption in October 2011 and the accompanying seismic swarm, which started in July 2011. Several correlations between the shallowest structures identified by the gravity and MSM approaches are also found. Besides the numerical simulation and previous studies of this method, the correlation between gravity results, the MSM model, the geological information and the possible explanation of the features of the seismic swarm through the model obtained offer us a valid proof about the plausibility of the subsurface structures identified from MSM.

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Acknowledgments

Projects REN2002-00544/RIES of Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, PIE-200730I029 of Spanish CSIC, GR35/10-A of University Complutense of Madrid-Comunidad de Madrid and Interreg IIIB (VULMAC) from EU have partially supported this work. The authors would like to sincerely thank their colleagues from the Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Yu S. Genshaft for the intensive and critical discussion of materials of the present paper at different stages of its preparation and Dr. A.V. Kalinina for her inestimable help in preparation and participation in the microseismic field measurements. We would also acknowledge anonymous reviewers for their comments that helped to improve the manuscript.

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  1. Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshaya Gruzinskaya 10, 123995, Moscow, Russia

    A. V. Gorbatikov, M. Yu Stepanova & A. A. Tsukanov

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ciencias, 3, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    F. G. Montesinos & M. Benavent

  3. Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC, UCM), Plaza de Ciencias, 3, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    J. Arnoso

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  1. A. V. Gorbatikov
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Correspondence to A. V. Gorbatikov.

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Gorbatikov, A.V., Montesinos, F.G., Arnoso, J. et al. New Features in the Subsurface Structure Model of El Hierro Island (Canaries) from Low-Frequency Microseismic Sounding: An Insight into the 2011 Seismo-Volcanic Crisis. Surv Geophys 34, 463–489 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-013-9240-4

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