Abstract
In this work, the crack driving force for a tunnelling crack in a thin brittle layer confined by dissimilar thick, and more compliant, elastic layers is considered at tensile loading. The steady-state energy release rate is evaluated using distributed dislocation technique and series representation of the complex potentials for an isotropic trimaterial. Evolution of the energy release rate with the crack length is studied by means of FEM. The 3D FEM simulations for tunnel cracks suggest that the ERR can represented by a universal relation (mastercurve) in suitably normalised co-ordinates. An analytical approximation of the ERR mastercurve is obtained as a function of crack length, cracking layer thickness, and a non-dimensional steady-state ERR.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ambrico JM, Begley MR (2002) The role of initial flaw size, elastic compliance and plasticity in channel cracking of thin films. Thin Solid Films 419: 144–153
Ambrico JM, Jones EE, Begley MR (2002) Cracking in thin multi-layers with finite-width and periodic architectures. Int J Solids Struct 39: 1443–1462
Bateman H, Erdélyi A (1953) Higher transcendental functions, vol 2. McGraw-Hill, Book Company Inc., New York
Berthelot J-M (2003) Transverse cracking and delamination in cross-ply glass-fiber and carbon-fiber reinforced plastic laminates: static and fatigue loading. Appl Mech Rev 56: 111–147
Beuth JL (1992) Cracking of thin bonded films in residual tension. Int J Solids Struct 29: 1657–1675
Beuth JL, Klingbeil NW (1996) Cracking of thin films bonded to elastic–plastic substrates. J Mech Phys Solids 44: 1411–1428
Bouten PCP, Slikkerveer PJ, Leterrier Y (2005) Mechanics of ITO on plastic substrates for flexible displays. In: Crawford GP (ed) Flexible flat panel displays. Wiley, pp 99–120
Chakravarthy SS, Jordan EH, Chiu WKS (2005) Thin film and substrate cracking under the influence of externally applied loads. Eng Fract Mech 72: 1286–1298
Chan KS, He MY, Hutchinson JW (1993) Cracking and stress redistribution in ceramic layered composites. Mater Sci Eng A 167: 57–64
Choi ST, Earmme YY (2002) Elastic study on singularities interacting with interfaces using alternating technique Part II. Isotropic trimaterial. Int J Solids Struct 39: 1199–1211
Erdogan F, Gupta GD, Cook TS (1973) Numerical solution of singular integral equations. In: Sih GC (eds) Mechanics of fracture, vol 1. Methods of analysis and solutions of crack problems. Noordhoff, Leyden, pp 368–425
Evans AG, Hutchinson JW (1995) The thermomechanical integrity of thin films and multilayers. Acta Metall Mater 43: 2507–2530
Hills DA, Kelly PA, Dai DN, Korsunsky AM (1996) Solution of crack problems: the distributed dislocation technique. Kluwer
Ho S, Suo Z (1993) Tunneling cracks in constrained layers. J Appl Mech 60: 890–894
Hu MS, Evans AG (1989) The cracking and decohesion of thin films on ductile substrates. Acta Metall 37: 917–925
Huang R, Prévost JH, Huang ZY, Suo Z (2003) Channel-cracking of thin films with the extended finite element method. Eng Fract Mech 70: 2513–2526
Hutchinson JW, Suo Z (1992) Mixed mode cracking in layered materials. Adv Appl Mech 29: 63–191
Kim S-R, Nairn JA (2000) Fracture mechanics analysis of coating/substrate systems: I. Analysis of tensile and bending experiments. Eng Fract Mech 65: 573–589
Korsunsky AM (2002) On the use of interpolative quadratures for hypersingular integrals in fracture mechanics. Proc R Soc Lond A 458: 2721–2733
Leterrier Y (2003) Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers. Prog Mater Sci 48: 1–55
Nairn JA (2000) Matrix microcracking in composites. In: Kelly A, Zweben C (eds) Comprehensive composite materials, vol. 2. Pergamon, pp 403–432
Nakamura T, Kamath SM (1992) Three-dimensional effects in thin film fracture mechanics. Mech Mater 13: 67–77
Rubinstein AA, Tang Y (2005) Micromechanical analysis of failure in thin protective coatings. Int J Solids Struct 42: 5831–5847
Slikkerveer PJ (2003) Bending the rules. Inf Disp 19: 20–24
Suiker ASJ, Fleck NA (2004) Crack tunneling and plane-strain delamination in layered solids. Int J Fract 125: 1–32
Suo Z (1989) Singularities interacting with interfaces and cracks. Int J Solids Struct 25: 1133–1142
Suo Z, Ma EY, Gleskova H, Wagner S (1999) Mechanics of rollable and foldable film-on-foil electronics. Appl Phys Lett 74: 1177–1179
Tricomi FG (1951) On the finite Hilbert transformation. Quart J Math Oxford 2: 199–211
Tsui TY, McKerrow AJ, Vlassak JJ (2005) Constraint effects on thin film channel cracking behaviour. J Mater Res 20: 2266–2273
Vlassak JJ (2003) Channel cracking in thin films on substrates of finite thickness. Int J Fract 119/120: 299–323
Xia ZC, Hutchinson JW (2000) Crack patterns in thin films. J Mech Phys Solids 48: 1107–1131
Ye T, Suo Z, Evans AG (1992) Thin film cracking and the roles of substrate and interface. Int J Solids Struct 29: 2639–2648
Zak AR, Williams ML (1963) Crack point stress singularities at a bimaterial interface. J Appl Mech 30: 142–143
Zhang X, Jeffrey RG (2006) Numerical studies on crack problems in three-layered elastic media using an image method. Int J Fract 139: 477–493
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Andersons, J., Timmermans, P.H.M. & Modniks, J. Mechanics of tunnelling cracks in trilayer elastic materials in tension. Int J Fract 148, 233–241 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-008-9197-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-008-9197-3