Abstract
This research examined the effects of sodium alginate (SA) and vitamin C (Vc) soaking of pearl gentian grouper before waterless transportation from the perspectives of serum parameters, oxidative stress, muscle quality, and gill tissue morphology. After the fish reached semi-dormancy with a cooling rate of 3 °C/h, fish (420 ± 25 g) were distributed to 4 treatments as follows: S1 group (50 mg/L Vc and 0.1% SA were added), S2 group (50 mg/L Vc and 0.3% SA were added), S3 group (50 mg/L Vc and 0.5% SA were added), and control group (without soaking in protective fluid). After oxygenated packaging, samples were taken at 0, 8, and 16 h of waterless transportation and 12 h after rehydration, respectively. It was found that after 16 h of waterless transport, compared with the control group, cortisol, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), creatinine (CREA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while albumin, lysozyme (LZM), muscle pH, and total free amino acid (TFAA) contents were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in the S3 group. Moreover, by gill tissue microscopy, it was found that the protective solution of group S3 did not cause serious deleterious morphological changes to the gill epithelium. The results showed that the grouper was soaked by protective fluid before waterless could maintain surface moisture, reduce gill and kidney function and oxidative stress damage, and maintain the stability of muscle quality. This study provides a novel transportation method for waterless preservation, which helps to reduce transportation costs and improve transportation efficiency.
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Data availability
The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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This research was supported by the earmarked fund for CARS-47 and the Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation (20DZ2292200, 19DZ1207503).
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception, design, material preparation, data collection, and analyses. The first draft of the manuscript was written by DF. CZ, JM, WQ, and JX revised the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Fang, D., Zhang, C., Mei, J. et al. Effects of vitamin C combined with sodium alginate on serum biochemistry, oxidative stress, gill tissue morphology, and muscle quality of pearl gentian grouper during waterless transport. Fish Physiol Biochem 50, 495–512 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01280-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01280-8