Abstract
Climate change has been one of the most discussed topics in the world. Global warming is characterized by an increase in global temperature, also in aquatic environments. The increased temperature can affect aquatic organisms with lethal and sublethal effects. Thus, it is necessary to understand how different species respond to temperature. This study aimed to evaluate how the Neotropical catfish species Rhamdia quelen responds to temperature increases. The fish were exposed to temperatures of 25 °C (control) and 30 °C after gradual temperature increase for 7 days. After 96 h in each temperature, the fish were anesthetized, blood was collected, and after euthanasia, brain, liver, posterior kidney, gills, muscle, and gonads were collected. The gonads were used for sexing, while other tissues were used for the hematological, biochemical, genotoxic, and histopathological biomarkers analysis. Hepatic proteomic analysis with a focus on energy production was also carried out. Blood parameter changes in both sexes, including an increase in glucose in males, leukopenia in females, and genotoxicity in both sexes. Hepatic proteins related to energy production were altered in both sexes, but mainly in males. Others biomarker alterations, such as histopathological, were not observed in other tissues; however, the antioxidant system was affected differently between sexes. These showed that R. quelen juveniles, at temperatures higher than its optimum temperature such as 30 °C, has several sublethal changes, such as hematological alterations, antioxidant system activation, and energetic metabolism alteration, especially in males. Thus, short-term temperature rise can affect females and males of R. quelen differently.
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The biomarkers and proteomic data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank FIOCRUZ for using the Technological Platforms Network and Michel Batista, Kelly Machado, and Rodrigo Brandt for the proteomic analysis. The authors also thank Robie Allan Bombardelli from State University of Western Paraná for providing the fish used in the study.
Funding
The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, process number 407407/2018–9) and Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement (CAPES, finance Code 001 and pro equipment) for financial support.
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Maiara Vicentini: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, resources, writing—original draft, review and editing, visualization, and funding acquisition; Jacqueline B. K. Pessati: methodology—biochemical biomarkers; Maiara C. Perussolo: methodology—hematological parameters; Juliana R. Lirola: methodology—genotoxic biomarkers; Fellip R. Marcondes: methodology—genotoxic biomarkers; Natalia do Nascimento: methodology—biochemical biomarkers; Maritana Mela: histopathological biomarkers and writing—review and editing; Marta M. Cestari: methodology—genotoxic biomarkers, writing—review and editing, and supervision; Viviane Prodocimo: methodology—biochemical biomarkers, writing—review and editing, and supervision; Denina Simmons: formal analysis, writing—review and editing, and visualization; Helena C. Silva de Assis: conceptualization, resources, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition.
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This study was carried out following the rules and approved by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) under number 1140.
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Highlights
• Temperature rise was genotoxic to catfish.
• Antioxidant system at liver, kidney, and gill can be altered by temperature rise.
• Males and females responded differently to temperature rise.
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Vicentini, M., Pessatti, J.B.K., Perussolo, M.C. et al. Different response of females and males Neotropical catfish (Rhamdia quelen) upon short-term temperature increase. Fish Physiol Biochem 50, 477–494 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01278-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01278-2