Abstract
Globally, the prevalence and pollution of pharmaceutical drugs in aquatic environments have been steadily increasing. This study sought to evaluate the effects of 14 days of exposure to environmental-relevant doses (ibuprofen 0.5, 5, and 50 µg/L, and carbamazepine 0.005, 1, and 10 µg/L) of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen and carbamazepine in the freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in O. mossambicus superoxide dismutase, catalase, biotransformation enzymes, glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, oxidative stress lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl activity, cellular damage metallothionine, reduced glutathione, immunological activities, and respiratory burst activity. Consequently, the acquired data revealed that O. mossambicus treated with ibuprofen and carbamazepine shows more significant alterations in metabolic depression, biochemical parameters, and oxidative stress. In addition, increased neurotoxic effects were observed in ibuprofen and carbamazepine treated O. mossambicus.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank and acknowledge the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, and Alagappa University, Karaikudi, for providing support in RUSA Phase 2.0 grant sanctioned No. F.24-51/ 2014-U, Policy (TNMulti-Gen), Dept. of Edn. Govt of India. The authors express their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2023R436) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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This study is supported by the Researchers Supporting Project Number (RSP2023R436) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ashokkumar Sibiya: conceptualization, methodology, software; Jeyaraj Jeyavani: formal analysis; Manoharan Saravanan: formal analysis; Mohammed F Albeshr: resources, visualization, validation; Marcello Nicoletti: writing—review and editing; Marimuthu Govindarajan: writing—review and editing; Baskaralingam Vaseeharan: conceptualization, visualization, validation.
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Sibiya, A., Jeyavani, J., Saravanan, M. et al. Response of hepatic biochemical parameters and neurotoxicity to carbamazepine and ibuprofen in Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 787–799 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01172-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01172-x