Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate different concentrations of the essential oil of Hesperozygis ringens (EOHR) and its effects on anesthesia and transport of Oreochromis niloticus. Experiment I evaluated the concentrations of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 µL L−1 EOHR for times of induction and recovery from anesthesia and ventilatory frequency (VF) of O. niloticus (26 g), with 10 repetitions each in a completely randomized design. Based on the results of Experiment I, Experiment II submitted fish (25 g) to three treatments—control (clean water), ethanol (5 mL ethyl alcohol), and 600 µL L−1 EOHR—and then handling for biometry. Blood was collected 1 and 24 h after exposure and handling to analyze hematological and biochemical parameters in a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement (3 × 2). Experiment III submitted fish (35 g) to simulated transport (4.5 h) with 0, 10, or 20 µL L−1 EOHR and determined the effects on blood variables. Concentrations of 450 and 600 µL L−1 EOHR provoked deep anesthesia in juvenile O. niloticus and provided induction and recovery times within the limits considered ideal for fish. However, this essential oil was not able to attenuate the effects of stress caused by biometric handling. EOHR was able to attenuate the effects of stress from simulated transport, with 10 µL L−1 EOHR being responsible for causing a decrease in protein, triglycerides, and cholesterol values immediately after transport of O. niloticus.
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The data and material that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Funding
This research was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-Brazil); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG-Brazil); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES-Brazil) and INCT ADAPTA II (funded by CNPq 465540/2014–7); and FAPEAM, Amazonas State Research Foundation (062.1187/2017). FERREIRA, A.L. received a postdoctoral fellowship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq no. 150950/2022–5). PINHEIRO, C.G. received a fellowship from CAPES (finance code 001). LUZ, R.K., and BALDISSEROTTO, B. received research fellowships from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq No. 308547/2018–7 and 301225/2017–6, respectively).
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Andre Lima Ferreira: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—reviewing and editing, visualization. Fábio Aremil Costa dos Santos: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. André de Sena Souza: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Gisele Cristina Favero: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, visualization. Carlos Garrido Pinheiro: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Berta Maria Heinzmann: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, visualization, writing—reviewing and editing. Bernardo Baldisserotto: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, visualization, writing—reviewing and editing. Ronald Kennedy Luz: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, data curation, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—reviewing and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition.
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Three experiments were carried out at the Laboratório de Aquacultura (LAQUA) of the Escola de Veterinária (EV) of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), with the approval of the Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais (CEUA) of this institution (registration numbers 141/2021 and 146/2021).
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Highlights
- This is the first study of the use of the essential oil of Hesperozygis ringens (EOHR) to anesthetize juvenile O. niloticus.
- EOHR was unable to prevent an increase in plasma glucose after biometric handling.
- Lower concentrations of EOHR caused small changes in blood parameters after simulated transport of juvenile O. niloticus.
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Ferreira, A.L., dos Santos, F.A.C., de Sena Souza, A. et al. Anesthetic and sedative efficacy of essential oil of Hesperozygis ringens and the physiological responses of Oreochromis niloticus after biometric handling and simulated transport. Fish Physiol Biochem 48, 1155–1166 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01109-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01109-w