Abstract
The genetic architecture of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and its two component traits i.e. NUpE (N uptake efficiency) and NUtE (N utilization efficiency) was studied using a bi-parental RIL mapping population derived from a cross HUW468 (high NUE)/C306 (low NUE). The mapping population, two parental genotypes and three check genotypes were evaluated under four different N levels (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg/ha) over three years. A genetic map containing 456 SNP markers (2571.38 cM length) was used for QTL analysis. Thirty six main effect QTLs (17 QTLs for NUE, 13 NUpE and 6 QTLs for NUtE) distributed on 12 chromosomes (1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 3A, 4B, 5A, 5B, 5D, 6A, 6D, and 7A) were identified at 2.52–9.27 LOD scores. Individual QTLs explained 6.65–22.89% phenotypic variation. Multi-traits QTLs (Mt-QTLs) and epistatic QTLs involving first-order epistatic (QTL × QTL) interactions were also discovered. Candidate genes (CGs, as many as 737) were mined from QTL regions which were mainly involved in metabolic process, cellular process and catalytic activity, etc.; differential expression was observed for 49 CGs in roots and 34 in shoots. The CGs encoded important transcription factors, transporters, etc. having a role in NUE. QTLs and CGs reported in this study enriched the available knowledge. Seven QTLs (including three Mt-QTLs) and QTLs involved in six epistatic interactions are recommended for MAS for improvement of NUE in wheat.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research (IIFSR), Meerut (Uttar Pradesh) for providing facilities to conduct the field experiments. We are also thankful to Dr. AK Joshi and Dr. VK Mishra for providing the seed material and SNP data of the mapping population. Thanks are also due to Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi for the award of positions of INSA-Senior Scientist and INSA Honorary Scientist to HSB.
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HSB, PKG, PKS, and VKS conceived and designed the experiment. RS prepared first draft of the MS. GS, SK, AK and TG helped in conducting the experiments. SK and VG helped in data analysis.
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10681_2022_3134_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Violin plots showing distribution of NUE, NUpE, and NUtE for individual years data of RIL population grown over three years under three N levels (N60, N120, N180). The values of the two parental genotypes of the RIL populations are indicated by red (HUW468) and black (C306) dots (TIF 998 kb)
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Singh, R., Saripalli, G., Kumar, A. et al. QTL analysis for nitrogen use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica 219, 9 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-022-03134-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-022-03134-5