Abstract
Research on green purchasing behavior (GPB) has demonstrated significant progress in the past few years. However, there are still several influential factors in various contextual settings that demand further research. Additionally, the bulk of research in this area focused on developed countries, while there has been a dearth of research conducted on the context of GPB to determine its antecedents in the developing nations. This study aims to bridge this gap in the literature by investigating the determinants of GPB in Qatar through the development of an integrated model by assimilating various theories, like the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Stern’s Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) and Cognition-Affection-Behavioral (CAB). This study employed a survey questionnaire to collect the data from 251 university students in Qatar and was analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. The findings unveiled that GPB is directly influenced by green attitudes, green social influence and green perceived behavioral control (PBC). In addition, variables such as perceived consumer effectiveness, knowledge about the green products, green initiatives by the government, significantly, though indirectly, influence GPB. Other variables such as green values, awareness of the environmental outcomes, ascription responsibility, perceived consumer effectiveness, knowledge of green products, government green initiatives, exert some influence on other variables in the model. Thus, the developed model offers crucial insights to the policymakers who are concerned with the design of green policies and strategies. It might be of great value to practitioners to align their production and service operations aimed at serving the trend of the potential consumers who are becoming more environmentally friendly in course of time.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behaviour: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Al-Swidi, A., Huque, S. M. R., Hafeez, M. H., & Shariff, M. N. M. (2014). The role of subjective norms in theory of planned behavior in the context of organic food consumption. British Food Journal, 116(10), 1561–1580. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-05-2013-0105.
Anand, I. M., & Gaur, S. S. (2018). Consequences of consumers’ emotional responses to government’s green initiatives: Insights from a scenario-based experimental study. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-02-2018-0045
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411–423.
Aoyagi-Usuri, M. (2001). How individual values affect green consumer behaviour? Results from a Japanese survey. Global Environmental Research, 5, 97–105.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.
Bamberg, S., & Möser, G. (2007). Twenty years after Hines, Hungerford, and Tomera: A new meta-analysis of psycho-social determinants of pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.12.002.
Barclay, D. W., Higgins, C. A., & Thompson, R. (1995). The partial least squares approach to causal modeling: Personal computer adoption and use as illustration. Technology Studies, 2(2), 285–309.
Black, J. S. (1978). Attitudinal, normative, and economic factors in early response to an energy-use field experiment (Doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin). Dissertation Abstracts International, 39, 436B.
Bodur, M., & Sarigollu, E. (2005). Environmental sensitivity in a developing country: Consumer classification and implications. Environment and Behavior, 37, 487–510.
Bose, R., & Luo, X. (2011). Integrative framework for assessing firms’ potential to undertake green IT initiatives via virtualization–a theoretical perspective. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 20(1), 38–54.
Caruana, R. (2007). A sociological perspective of consumption morality. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 6(5), 287–304.
Cerri, J., Testa, F., & Rizzi, F. (2018). The more I care, the less I will listen to you: How information, environmental concern and ethical production influence consumers’ attitudes and the purchasing of sustainable products. Journal of Cleaner Production, 175, 343–353.
Clark (2017). Community engagement in recycling initiatives in Qatar. Retrieved from https://www.ecomena.org/recycling-qatar/
Chamorro, A., Rubio, S., & Miranda, F. J. (2009). Characteristics of research on green marketing. Business Strategy and the Environment, 18(4), 223–239.
Chan, R. Y. (2004). Consumer responses to environmental advertising in China. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 22(4), 427–437.
Chaudhary, R. (2018). Green buying behavior in India: an empirical analysis. Journal of Global Responsibility, 9(2), 179–192.
Chaudhary, R., & Bisai, S. (2018). Factors influencing green purchase behavior of millennials in India. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 29(5), 798–812.
Chen, M. F., & Tung, P. J. (2014). Developing an extended theory of planned behaviour model to predict consumers’ intention to visit green hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36(1), 221–230.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral science. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Cox, M. J. (2008). Sustainable communication: A study of green advertising and audience reception within the growing arena of corporate social responsibility. Case study: British Petroleum. Earth & Environment, 3, 32–51.
Dacin, P. A., & Mitchell, A. A. (1986). The measurement of declarative knowledge. In R. J. Lutz (Ed.), Advances in consumer research (Vol. 13, pp. 454–459). Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research.
Dagher, G. K., & Itani, O. (2014). Factors influencing green purchasing behaviour: Empirical evidence from the Lebanese consumers. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 13(3), 188–195.
Day, C. (2005). Buying green: The crucial role of public authorities. Local Environment, 10(2), 201–209.
de Medeiros, J. F., & Ribeiro, J. L. D. (2017). Environmentally sustainable innovation: Expected attributes in the purchase of green products. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 240–248.
De Mooij, M. (2004). Consumer behaviour and culture: Consequences for global marketing. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dezdar, S. (2017). Green information technology adoption: Influencing factors and extension of theory of planned behaviour. Social Responsibility Journal. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2016-0064
Do Valle, P. O., Reis, E., Menezes, J., & Rebelo, E. (2004). Behavioural determinants of house-hold recycling participation: The Portuguese case. Environment and Behavior, 36(4), 505–540.
Domina, T., & Koch, K. (2003). Convenience and frequency of recycling: Implications for including textiles in curbside recycling programs. Environment and Behavior, 34(2), 216–238.
Dong, X., Liu, S., Li, H., Yang, Z., Liang, S., & Deng, N. (2020). Love of nature as a mediator between connectedness to nature and sustainable consumption behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 242, 118451.
D’Souza, C., Taghian, M., & Khosla, R. (2007). Examination of environmental beliefs and its impact on the influence of price, quality and demographic characteristics with respect to green purchase intention. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15(2), 69–78.
D’Souza, C., Taghian, M., & Lamb, P. (2006). An empirical study on the influence of environmental labels on consumers. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 11(2), 162–173.
Ellen, P. S., Wiener, J. L., & Cobb-Walgren, C. (1991). The role of perceived consumer effectiveness in motivating environmentally conscious behaviours. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 10(2), 102–117.
Follows, S., & Jobber, D. (2000). Environmentally responsible purchase behaviour: A test of a consumer model. European Journal of Marketing, 34(5/6), 723–746.
Fornell, C., & Cha, J. (1994). Partial least squares. Advanced Methods of Marketing Research, 407(3), 52–78.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
Fornell, C., Tellis, G. J., & Zinkhan, G. M. (1982). Validity assessment: A structural equations approach using partial least squares. In Proceedings of American Marketing Association Educators’ Conference (pp. 1–5).
Francis, J., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Walker, A., Grimshaw, J., Foy, R., Bonetti, D. (2004). Constructing questionnaires based on the theory of planned behaviour: A manual for health services researchers. Retrieved from http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1735/
Fryxell, G. E., & Lo, C. W. H. (2003). The influence of environmental knowledge and values on managerial behaviours on behalf of the environment: An empirical examination of managers in China. Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 45–69.
Gärling, T., Fujii, S., Gärling, A., & Jakobsson, C. (2003). Moderating effects of social value orientation on determinants of proenvironmental behavior intention. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23(1), 1–9.
Geng, Y., & Doberstein, B. (2008). Greening government procurement in developing countries: Building capacity in China. Journal of Environmental Management, 88(4), 932–938.
Gilg, A., Barr, S., & Ford, N. (2005). Green consumption or sustainable lifestyles? Identifying the sustainable consumer. Futures, 37(6), 481–504.
Granzin, K. L., & Olsen, J. E. (1991). Characterizing participants in activities protecting the environment: A focus on donating, recycling, and conservation behaviors. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 10, 1–27.
Guagnano, G. A., Stern, P. C., & Dietz, T. (1995). Influences on attitude-behavior relationships: A natural experiment with curb-side recycling. Environment Behavior, 27, 699–718.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Editorial-partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long Range Planning, 46(1–2), 1–12.
Han, H., Hsu, L. T. J., & Sheu, C. (2010). Application of the theory of planned behavior to green hotel choice: Testing the effect of environmental friendly activities. Tourism Management, 31(3), 325–334.
Handfield, R., Sroufe, R., & Walton, S. (2005). Integrating environmental management and supply chain strategies. Business strategy and the environment, 14(1), 1–19.
Hansla, A., Gamble, A., Juliusson, A., & Gärling, T. (2008). Psychological determinants of attitude towards and willingness to pay for green electricity. Energy Policy, 36(2), 768–774.
Hanyu, K., Kishino, H., Yamashita, H., & Hayashi, C. (2000). Linkage between recycling and consumption: A case of toilet paper in Japan. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 30(3), 177–199.
Henseler, J., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Goodness-of-Fit indices for partial least squares path modeling. Computational Statistics, 28, 565–580.
Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R., & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behavior: A meta-analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1987.9943482.
Hopper, J. R., & Nielsen, J. M. (1991). Recycling as altruistic behavior: Normative and behavioral strategies to expand participation in a community recycling program. Environment and Behavior, 23(2), 195–220.
Hughner, R. S., McDonagh, P., Prothero, A., Shultz, C. J., & Stanton, J. (2007). Who are organic food consumers? A compilation and review of why people purchase organic food. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 6, 94–110.
Hume, S. (1991). Consumer doubletalk makes companies wary. Advertising Age, 62(46), 62–64.
Hunt, N., & Dorfman, B. (2009). How green is my wallet? Organic food growth slows. Reuters January, 28. Retrieved from http://www.reuters.com.
Iqbal, Q., Hassan, S. H., Akhtar, S., & Khan, S. (2018). Employee’s green behavior for environmental sustainability: A case of banking sector in Pakistan. World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 15(2), 118–130.
Jaiswal, D., & Kant, R. (2018). Green purchasing behaviour: A conceptual framework and empirical investigation of Indian consumers. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 41, 60–69.
Jimenez-Parra, B., Rubio, S., & Vicente-Molina, M. A. (2013). Analysing the purchase intention of Spanish consumer: A study about remanufactured products. In 7th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Industrial Management—XVII Congreso de Ingenieria de Organizacion (pp. 10–12).
Kabaday, E. T., Dursun, İ, Alan, A. K., & Tuğer, A. T. (2015). Green purchase intention of young turkish consumers: Effects of consumer’s guilt, self-monitoring and perceived consumer effectiveness. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 207, 165–174.
Kai, C., & Haokai, L. (2016). Factors affecting consumers’ green commuting. Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 12(3), 527–538. https://doi.org/10.12973/iser.2016.2001a.
Kanchanapibul, M., Lacka, E., Wang, X., & Chan, H. K. (2014). An empirical investigation of green purchase behaviour among the young generation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 66, 528–536.
Kaufmann, H. R., Panni, M. F. A. K., & Orphanidou, Y. (2012). Factors affecting consumers’ green purchasing behavior: An integrated conceptual framework. Amfiteatru Economic Journal, 14(31), 50–69.
Kim, Y., & Choi, S. R. (2005). Antecedents of green purchase behaviour: An examination of collectivism, environmental concern and PCE. Advances in Consumer Research, 32(1), 592–599.
Klöckner, C. A. (2013). A comprehensive model of the psychology of environmental behaviour — A meta-analysis. Global Environ. Change, 23(5), 1028–1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.05.014.
Kumar, S. (2018). Qatar aims to recycle 15% of solid waste by 2022. Retrieved from www-the peninsulaqatar-com-article-17–09–2018-Qatar-aims-to-recycle-15-of-solid-waste-by-2022.pdf
Lee, K. (2008). Opportunities for green marketing: Young consumers. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 26(6), 573–586.
Lee, M. K., Shi, N., Cheung, C. M., Lim, K. H., & Sia, C. L. (2011). Consumer’s decision to shop online: The moderating role of positive informational social influence. Information & management, 48(6), 185–191.
Legault, L. (2000, May). Towards green government procurement: An environment Canada case study in greening supply chain: Enhancing competitiveness through green productivity. In Proceedings of the Top Forum on Enhancing Competitiveness through Green Productivity. Republic of China. Retrieved from http://www.apo-tokyo.org/gp/51_4gscmain.htms.
Lin, P. C., & Huang, Y. H. (2012). The influence factors on choice behavior regarding green products based on the theory of consumption values. Journal of Cleaner Production, 22(1), 11–18.
Li, G., Li, L., Choi, T. M., & Sethi, S. P. (2020). Green supply chain management in Chinese firms: Innovative measures and the moderating role of quick response technology. Journal of Operations Management, 66(7–8), 958–988.
Liu, Y., Segev, S., & Villar, M. E. (2017). Comparing two mechanisms for green consumption: Cognitive-affect behavior vs theory of reasoned action. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 34(5), 442–454.
Liu, X., Wang, C., Shishime, T., & Fujitsuka, T. (2012). Sustainable consumption: Green purchasing behaviors of urban residents in China. Sustainable Development, 20, 293–308.
López-Mosquera, N., Lera-López, F., & Sánchez, M. (2015). Key factors to explain recycling, car use and environmentally responsible purchase behaviors: A comparative perspective. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 99, 29–39.
Manaktola, K., & Jauhari, V. (2007). Exploring consumer attitude and behaviour towards green practices in the lodging industry in India. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(5), 364–377. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110710757534.
Mathiyazhagan, K., Diabat, A., Al-Refaie, A., & Xu, L. (2015). Application of analytical hierarchy process to evaluate pressures to implement green supply chain management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 107, 229–236.
Matsumoto, M., Chinen, K., & Endo, H. (2018). Remanufactured auto parts market in Japan: Historical review and factors affecting green purchasing behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 4494–4505.
Mazar, N., & Zhong, C. B. (2009). Do green products make us better people? Psychological science forthcoming. Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract-value=1463018.
McCarty, J. A., & Shrum, L. J. (1994). The recycling of solid wastes: personal values, value orientations, and attitudes about recycling as antecedents of recycling behaviour. Journal of Business Res., 30, 53–62.
McCarty, J. A., & Shrum, L. J. (2001). The influence of individualism, collectivism, and locus of control on environmental beliefs and behaviour. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 20, 93–104.
McMakin, A. H., Malone, E. L., & Lundgren, R. E. (2002). Motivating residents to conserve energy without financial incentives. Environment and Behavior, 34(6), 848–863.
MDPS (2015). Qatar voluntary national review 2017 - Sustainable development goals 2030. Ministry of Development Planning and Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.mdps.gov.qa/en/statistics/Statistical%20Releases/Environmental/EnvironmentalStatistics/Environment_QSA_EN_2015.pdf
MDPS (2017). Qatar voluntary national review 2017 - Sustainable development goals 2030. Ministry of Development Planning and Statistics. High Level Political Forum. Retrieved from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/16517Qatar_VNR_2017_En.pdf
MDPS (2018). The state of Qatar second voluntary national review. Ministry of Development Planning and Statistics. High Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development. New York, 8–19 July 2018. Retrieved from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/20443SDG_Qatar_En_Draft7_Landscape_3.pdf
Meneses, G. D., & Palacio, A. B. (2005). Recycling behaviour: A multidimensional approach. Environment and Behavior, 37, 837–860.
Michelsen, O., Fet, A. M., & Dahlsrud, A. (2006). Eco-efficiency in extended supply chains: A case study of furniture production. Journal of Environmental Management, 79, 290–297.
Mostafa, M. M. (2006). Antecedents of Egyptian consumers’ green purchase intentions: A hierarchical multivariate regression model. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 19(2), 97–126.
Mostafa, M. M. (2009). Shades of green: A psychographic segmentation of the green consumer in Kuwait using self-organizing maps. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(8), 11030–11038.
Nitzl, C. (2016). The use of partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in management accounting research: Directions for future theory development. Journal of Accounting Literature, 37, 19–35.
Nuttavuthisit, K., & Thøgersen, J. (2015). The importance of consumer trust for the emergence of a market for organic food: The case of Thailand. Journal of Business Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2690-5.
Oskamp, S., Harrington, M. J., Edwards, T. C., Sherwood, D. L., Okuda, S. M., & Swanson, D. C. (1991). Factors influencing household recycling behaviour. Environment and Behavior, 23, 494–519.
Park, J., Ko, E., & Kim, S. (2010). Consumer behavior in green marketing for luxury brand: A cross-cultural study of US, Japan and Korea. Journal of Global Academy of Marketing, 20(4), 319–333.
Paul, J., Modi, A., & Patel, J. (2016). Predicting green product consumption using theory of planned behavior and reasoned action. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29(1), 123–134.
Perrin, D., & Barton, J. (2001). Issues associated with transforming household attitudes and opinions into materials recovery: a review of two kerbside recycling schemes. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 33(1), 61–74.
Pleming, K. J. (2016). Consumers' perceptions and attitudes towards firms' green marketing initiatives: How do they influence green consumption? (Doctoral dissertation, Queensland University of Technology). Retrieved from https://eprints.qut.edu.au/93575/1/Katrina_Pleming_Thesis.pdf
Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organisational research: problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531–544.
Porter, M. E., & Van der Linde, C. (1995). Toward a new conception of the environment-competitiveness relationship. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(4), 97–118.
Prakash, G., & Pathak, P. (2017). Intention to buy eco-friendly packaged products among young consumers of India: A study on developing nation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 141, 385–393.
Pujari, D. (2006). Eco-innovation and new product development: Understanding the influences on market performance. Technovation, 26(1), 76–85.
Qatar News (2017). Where does all your garbage go in Qatar? Retrieved from https://www.iloveqatar.net/news/general/where-does-all-your-garbage-go-in-qatar
Rajesh, R. (2020a). Exploring the sustainability performances of firms using environmental, social, and governance scores. Journal of Cleaner Production, 247, 119600.
Rajesh, R. (2020b). Sustainable supply chains in the Indian context: An integrative decision-making model. Technology in Society, 61, 101230.
Rajesh, R., & Rajendran, C. (2020). Relating environmental, social, and governance scores and sustainability performances of firms: An empirical analysis. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(3), 1247–1267.
Ramayah, T., Lee, J. W. C., & Lim, S. (2012). Sustaining the environment through recycling: An empirical study. Journal of Environmental Management, 102, 141–147.
Ramayah, T., Mohamad, O., Jantan, M., Lee, J. W. C., & Nasirin, S. (2003). Counterfeit music CDs: social and personality influences, demographics, attitudes and purchase intention: Some insights from Malaysia. In 2nd European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies.
Roberts, J. (1996). Green consumers in the 1990s: Profile and implications for advertising. Journal of Business Research, 36, 217–231.
Roe, B., Teisl, M. F., Levy, A., & Russell, M. (2001). US consumers’ willingness to pay for green electricity. Energy policy, 29(11), 917–925.
Røpke, I. (1999). The dynamics of willingness to consume. Ecological Economics, 28(3), 399–420.
Safari, A., Salehzadeh, R., Panahi, R., & Abolghasemian, S. (2018). Multiple pathways linking environmental knowledge and awareness to employees’ green behavior. Corporate Governance, 18(1), 81–103.
Saleh, R. M., & Al-Swidi, A. (2019). The adoption of green building practices in construction projects in Qatar: a preliminary study. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal.
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1–65.
Sharma, S., & Vredenburg, H. (1998). Proactive corporate environmental strategy and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 19(8), 729–753.
Sidique, S. F., Lupi, F., & Joshi, S. V. (2010). The effects of behaviour and attitudes on drop-off recycling activities. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(3), 163–170.
Sihombing, S.O. (2007, January). Predicting environmentally purchase behaviour: a test of the value-attitude-behaviour hierarchy. In Proceeding of the 2nd Indonesian Business Management Conference. Jakarta (pp. 73–82).
Siyavooshi, M., Foroozanfar, A., & Sharifi, Y. (2019). Effect of Islamic values on green purchasing behavior. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2017-0063.
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., & Black, J. S. (1986). Support for environmental protection: The role of moral norms. Population and Environment, 8, 204–222.
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., & Kalof, L. (1993). Value orientations, gender, and environmental concern. Environment and Behavior, 25, 322–348.
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Kalof, L., & Guagnano, G. A. (1995). Values, beliefs and proenvironmental action: Attitude formation toward emergent attitude objects. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25, 1611–1636.
Suki, N. M., & Suki, N. M. (2015). Consumers’ environmental behaviour towards staying at a green hotel moderation of green hotel knowledge. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 26(1), 103–117. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-02-2014-0023.
Tan, B. C. (2011). The roles of knowledge, threat, and PCE on green purchase behaviour. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(12), 14.
Tarkiainen, A., & Sundqvist, S. (2005). Subjective norms, attitudes and intentions of finnish consumers in buying organic food. British Food Journal, 107(11), 808–822. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070700510629760.
Taylor, S., & Todd, P. (1995). Understanding household garbage reduction behavior: A test of an integrated model. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 14, 192–204.
Teoh, C. W., & Gaur, S. S. (2019). Environmental concern: an issue for poor or rich. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 30(1), 227–242.
Thogersen, J., & Grunert-Beckmann, S. C. (1997). Values and attitude formation towards emerging attitude objects; from recycling to general waste minimizing behaviour. In M. Brucks & D. J. MacInnis (Eds.), Advances in consumer research (pp. 182–189). Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research.
Tonglet, M., Phillips, P. S., & Read, A. D. (2003). Using the theory of planned behaviour to investigate the determinants of recycling behaviour: A case study from Brixworth, UK. Resource, Conservation and Recycling, 41, 191–214.
Vachon, S., & Klassen, R. D. (2008). Environmental management and manufacturing performance: The role of collaboration in the supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics, 111(2), 299–315.
Van Hoek, R. I. (2001). Case studies of greening the automotive supply chain through technology and operations. International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management, 1(1–2), 140–163.
Van Liere, K. D., & Dunlap, R. E. (1978). Moral norms and environmental behavior: An application of Schwartz’s norm-activation model to yard burning. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 8(2), 174–188.
Vermeir, I., & Verbeke, W. (2006). Sustainable food consumption: Exploring the consumer “attitude–behavioral intention” gap. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 19(2), 169–194.
Vining, J., & Ebreo, A. (1990). What makes a recycler? A comparison of recyclers and nonrecyclers. Environment and Behavior, 22(1), 55–73.
Wang, Y., Shi, H., Sun, M., Huisingh, D., Hansson, L., & Wang, R. (2013). Moving towards an ecologically sound society? Starting from green universities and environmental higher education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 61, 1–5.
Wesley, S. C., Lee, M. Y., & Kim, E. Y. (2012). The role of perceived consumer effectiveness and motivational attitude on socially responsible purchasing behavior in South Korea. Journal of Global Marketing, 25(1), 29–44.
Widegren, Ö. (1998). The new environmental paradigm and personal norms. Environment and Behavior, 30, 75–100.
Xu, L., Mathiyazhagan, K., Govindan, K., Haq, A. N., Ramachandran, N. V., & Ashokkumar, A. (2013). Multiple comparative studies of green supply chain management: pressures analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 78, 26–35.
Xu, X., Wang, S., & Yu, Y. (2020). Consumer’s intention to purchase green furniture: Do health consciousness and environmental awareness matter? Science of The Total Environment, 704, 135275.
Yadav, R., & Pathak, G. S. (2016). Young consumers' intention towards buying green products in a developing nation: Extending the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 135, 732–739.
Young, W., Hwang, K., McDonald, S., & Oates, C. J. (2010). Sustainable consumption: Green consumer behaviour when purchasing products. Sustainable Development, 18(1), 20–31.
Zhang, B., Bi, J., Yuan, Z. W., & Ge, J. J. (2007). Who will be more active in sustainable consumption? Evidence from China. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 6(4), 389–404.
Zhao, H. H., Gao, Q., Wu, Y. P., Wang, Y., & Zhu, X. D. (2014). What affects green consumer behavior in China? A case study from Qingdao. Journal of Cleaner Production, 63, 143–151.
Zhu, X., Li, H., Chen, J., & Jiang, F. (2019). Pollution control efficiency of China's iron and steel industry: Evidence from different manufacturing processes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 240, 118184.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Al-Swidi, A., Saleh, R.M. How green our future would be? An investigation of the determinants of green purchasing behavior of young citizens in a developing Country. Environ Dev Sustain 23, 13436–13468 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01220-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01220-z