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Presence of pharmaceuticals and bacterial resistance genes in river epilithic biofilms exposed to intense agricultural and urban pressure

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Abstract

The continuous discharge of pharmaceutical compounds into the aquatic environment has raised concerns over the contamination of water resources. Urban activities and intensive animal breeding are important sources of contamination. The accumulation of antibiotics may lead to the transfer or alternatively maintain the presence of resistance genes in natural microbial communities existing in epilithic biofilms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmaceutical contamination levels and the presence of resistance genes in biofilms from a South Brazilian watershed. The Guaporé watershed exhibits a high diversity of land use, including agricultural and urban areas with differing levels of anthropogenic pressure. Seventeen sites along the Guaporé watershed were monitored. Biofilm samples were collected in two seasons (winter and summer), and the pharmaceutical concentration and quantity of resistance genes were analyzed. All monitored sites were contaminated with pharmaceuticals. Agricultural activities contribute through transferring pharmaceuticals derived from the application of animal waste to agricultural fields. The most contaminated site (pharmaceuticals and bacterial resistance genes) was located in an urban area exposed to high pressure. Decreases in the contamination of biofilms were also observed, exemplifying processes of natural attenuation in the watershed. The quality of the biofilms sampled throughout the watershed served as a useful tool to understand and monitor environmental pollution.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its available in supplementary information files.

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Funding

This study was supported by CAPES‐COFECUB (Project 3504–11-5, 761/12), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Finep/FEPAGRO (Project MAIS AGUA), Europen Communities (FEDER) and Région Nouvelle Aquitaine, CAPES/PrInt bolsa PVE –Danilo Rheinheimer dos Santos (n° 88,887.695070/2022–00).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, N° 1000, Bairro Camobi, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil

    Marília Camotti Bastos, Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer & Jocelina Vargas Brunet

  2. Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France

    Marília Camotti Bastos, Thibaut Le Guet, Jocelina Vargas Brunet, Elodie Aubertheau, Leslie Mondamert & Jérôme Labanowski

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  1. Marília Camotti Bastos
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  2. Danilo dos Santos Rheinheimer
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  3. Thibaut Le Guet
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Contributions

Marília Camotti Bastos: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, validation, visualization, writing—original draft. Danilo Rheinheimer Dos Santos: conceptualization, funding acquisition, investigation, project administration, resources, supervision, writing—review and editing. Thibaut Le Guet: data curation, formal analysis, methodology, validation, writing—original draft. Jocelina Vargas Brunet: formal analysis, writing—original draft. Elodie Aubertheau: methodology, validation, writing—review, and editing. Leslie Mondamert: project administration, writing—review and editing. Jérôme Labanowski: conceptualization, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, resources, supervision; validation; writing—original draft. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marília Camotti Bastos.

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Highlights

• Biofilms are effective for environmental monitoring.

• Anthropic activity impregnates biofilms with pharmaceutic molecules.

• Biofilms in contact with pharmaceuticals can develop resistance genes.

• Biofilms can identify hot spots of pollution.

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Bastos, M.C., Rheinheimer, D.d., Le Guet, T. et al. Presence of pharmaceuticals and bacterial resistance genes in river epilithic biofilms exposed to intense agricultural and urban pressure. Environ Monit Assess 195, 328 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10899-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10899-8

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