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A soil quality physical–chemical approach 30 years after land-use change from forest to banana plantation

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Abstract

Bananas are a worldwide cultivated crop and one of the main agricultural activities in Brazil. The banana orchards cultivated in the region of São Paulo State are under native areas of the Atlantic Forest biome. The Atlantic Forest has suffered agricultural and urban pressure for many years. Banana crops require soil management and superficial vegetation removal in the first cycles. We conducted a study aiming to understand the impact of long-standing banana cultivation in the Atlantic forest region. Soil samples in banana plantations (EBP) and forest remnants (FR) were collected from trenches with 0- to 100-cm layers. The soil bulk density in EBP until 30-cm depth was 12.76% higher than that in FR. Quantifications of macropores and micropores in FR reached values higher than those in EBP. The results showed that carbon stocks decreased from the top to the deeper layers. Thirty years after the conversion, the FR treatment accumulated 28.23% more carbon than EBP. Considering our results, it was evident that changes in physical and chemical properties reflected the negative impacts of the banana plantations, cropped through conventional management, when converted from forest even in regard to a remnant one. These findings, showed for the first time, lead us to understand the soil management of banana plantations, following conventional agriculture systems, as a potential carbon stock reducer and a factor resulting in the loss of soil quality in the region. Additionally, our data can be used by environmentalists and government policymakers to promote environmental sustainability.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Environment) for the technical support and the research project “Soil carbon stock as a management and conservation indicator in the Ribeira de Iguape River Basin” and to the farmer owner, Mr. Moacir Kiyoshi Fukuda (in memory), for the concession of the area with banana plantation and kindness to the team during the fieldwork period.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (Grant numbers 48165/2018–4 and 380875/2021–7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Registro, Street Nelson Brihi Badur, 430, Postal code 11.900-000, Registro, SP, Brazil

    Reginaldo Barboza da Silva, Jéssica Silva Rosa & Francisca Alcivânia de Melo Silva

  2. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), EMBRAPA Environment, Km 127.5, Tanquinho Velho, Postal code 13.918-110, Jaguariuna, SP, SP-340, Brazil

    Ana Paula Packer & Camila Bolfarini Bento

Authors
  1. Reginaldo Barboza da Silva
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  2. Jéssica Silva Rosa
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  3. Ana Paula Packer
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  4. Camila Bolfarini Bento
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  5. Francisca Alcivânia de Melo Silva
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Correspondence to Reginaldo Barboza da Silva.

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da Silva, R.B., Rosa, J.S., Packer, A.P. et al. A soil quality physical–chemical approach 30 years after land-use change from forest to banana plantation. Environ Monit Assess 194, 482 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10167-9

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