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An evaluation of the marine environmental resilience to the north of Qeshm Island

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Abstract

There is always an adamant need to comprehend and draw the complex challenges of sustainability in order to help organize studies, due to the increasing human-related pressures on coastal zones. Hence, by formulating such a comprehensive framework, it could be possible to anticipate changes and support managerial decisions, as well as the degree of resilience of the region’s environment. One of the approaches utilized in littoral or coastal zones is the conceptual framework of drivers, pressure, status, impact, and responses (DPSIR)..Qeshm Island, the largest island in the Persian Gulf, is accounted for being the most vital and strategic areas of the mentioned region. In recent decades, Qeshm has become one of the major cultural, natural, geological, and tourism hubs of the country due to its unique regional characteristics, along with its biodiversity and environmental sensitivity. Thereby, in the present research, a combined approach shall be followed to explore the resilience of the marine environment on the northern coast of Qeshm Island by taking advantage of the socioeconomic criterion. In this respect, the conceptual framework of the DPSIR model is utilized in combination with the structural equation model (SEM-PLS) (or partial least squares), which is one of the nonexperimental techniques, to quantify the results in the best manner possible. On the basis of the fuzzy cognitive map (FCM), the regional economic index bearing the weights of 0.62, 0.62, and 0.5, along with an institutional-managerial and biological index, respectively, denotes a two-way positive correlation, whereas this factor has a two-way, but adverse correlation, relationship with a weight of 0.65 in terms of the sociocultural index. Similarly, there is also a one-way and negative relationship, as to the economic index, with a weight of 0.69 which is in relevance with the physio-chemical index.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to institutional sensitivities, and are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable requests.

Notes

  1. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an economic and sociologically combined total measure of a person’s work experience and of an individual’s or family’s economic and social position in relation to others. When analyzing a family’s SES, the household income, earners’ education, and occupation are examined, as well as combined income, whereas for an individual’s SES, only his/her own attributes are assessed. However, SES is more commonly used to depict an economic difference in society as a whole.

  2. Analytic network process (ANP) is a mathematical theory, developed by Thomas L. Saaty, to identify decision-making priorities of multiple variables without establishing one-way hierarchical relationship among decision levels, which has been successfully applied in various areas.

  3. A cause-effect relationship is a relationship in which one event (the cause) makes another event happen (the effect).

  4. In statistics, latent variables (from Latin: present participle of lateo (“lie hidden”), as opposed to observable variables) are variables that are not directly observed but are rather inferred (through a mathematical model) from other variables that are observed (directly measured).

  5. T is total relation matrix ([T] n × n). The sum of the i in the row of the matrix T is [ri]n × 1 and indicates the total impacts, both direct and indirect, given by factor I to other factors.

  6. The Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) is the modified and enhanced version of the classical Delphi technique. Improvement was made to rectify the imperfection of traditional Delphi Method (DM) that leads to low convergence in retrieving outcomes, loss of important information, and a long process of investigation.

  7. A set which is consisted of a trapezoidal fuzzy digit or several trapezoidal fuzzy digits is called trapezoidal fuzzy set.

  8. A specific L-R type of fuzzy number is known as the triangular fuzzy number, as its membership function is in a triangular form (shown in Fig. 1) 0, elsewhere. This triangular fuzzy number is denoted as (a. m. b) in this study.

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  1. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Sarvin Ghasemi, Amir Hossein Javid, Forough Farsad, Maryam Robati & Parvin Farshchi

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Ghasemi, S., Javid, A.H., Farsad, F. et al. An evaluation of the marine environmental resilience to the north of Qeshm Island. Environ Monit Assess 193, 859 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09627-5

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