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Monitoring of pesticide residues in market basket samples of vegetable from Lucknow City, India: QuEChERS method

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Abstract

The study was conducted on 20 vegetables including leafy, root, modified stem, and fruity vegetables like bitter gourd, jack fruit, french-bean, onion, colocassia, pointed gourd, capsicum, spinach, potato, fenugreek seeds, carrot, radish, cucumber, beetroot, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, okra, and bottle gourd. Forty-eight pesticides including 13 organochlorines (OCs), 17 organophosphates (OPs), 10 synthetic pyrethriods (SPs), and eight herbicides (H) pesticides were analyzed. A total number of 60 samples, each in triplicates, were analyzed using Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe method. The quantification was done by GC-ECD/NPD. The recovery varies from 70.22% to 96.32% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 15%. However the limit of detection ranged from 0.001–0.009 mg kg − 1 for OCs, SPs, OPs, and H, respectively. Twenty-three pesticides were detected from total 48 analyzed pesticides in the samples with the range of 0.005–12.35 mg kg − 1. The detected pesticides were: Σ-HCH, Dicofol, Σ-Endosulfan, Fenpropathrin, Permethrin-II, β-cyfluthrin-II, Fenvalerate-I, Dichlorvos, Dimethoate, Diazinon, Malathion, Chlorofenvinfos, Anilophos, and Dimethachlor. In some vegetables like radish, cucumber, cauliflower, cabbage, and okra, the detected pesticides (Σ-HCH, Permethrin-II, Dichlorvos, and Chlorofenvinfos) were above maximum residues limit (MRL) (PFA 1954). However, in other vegetables the level of pesticide residues was either below detection limit or MRL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Govt. of India), P.O. Box 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India

    Ashutosh K. Srivastava, Purushottam Trivedi, M. K. Srivastava & Laxman Prasad Srivastava

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Integral University, Lucknow, India

    M. Lohani

Authors
  1. Ashutosh K. Srivastava
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  2. Purushottam Trivedi
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  3. M. K. Srivastava
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  4. M. Lohani
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  5. Laxman Prasad Srivastava
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Correspondence to Laxman Prasad Srivastava.

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Srivastava, A.K., Trivedi, P., Srivastava, M.K. et al. Monitoring of pesticide residues in market basket samples of vegetable from Lucknow City, India: QuEChERS method. Environ Monit Assess 176, 465–472 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1597-y

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