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Response of sorghum stalk pathogens to brown midrib plants and soluble phenolic extracts from near isogenic lines

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Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has drawn attention as potential feedstock for lignocellulosic biofuels production, and reducing lignin is one way to increase conversion efficiency. Little research has been previously conducted to assess the response of reduced lignin sorghum lines to the Fusarium stalk rot pathogens Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum and the charcoal rot pathogen, Macrophomina phaseolina. Loss of function mutations in either the Brown midrib (Bmr) 6 or 12 gene that both encode a monolignol biosynthetic enzyme in the pathway that produces subunits of the lignin polymer, results in reduced lignin content. Near-isogenic bmr6, bmr12, and bmr6 bmr12 lines had previously been developed, which were shown to have significantly reduced lignin content and increased levels of soluble phenolics. In the current study, these lines in two backgrounds were shown to not be more susceptible to F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum and M. phaseolina inoculations, and some bmr lines exhibited increased resistance to F. proliferatum and M. phaseolina, compared to wild-type lines. When the Fusarium stalk rot pathogen, Fusarium thapsinum, was grown on methanol soluble stalk extracts from bmr6 and wild-type plants, it grew significantly faster on medium with bmr6 extract than on wild-type extract or controls. This result suggested that factors other than soluble phenolics from the extract, such as cell wall bound phenolics or inducible defense compounds, contributed to increased resistance observed in bmr6 plants.

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Abbreviations

Bmr6 :

Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase biosynthetic gene

Bmr12 :

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase biosynthetic gene

PDA:

Potato dextrose agar

PDB:

Potato dextrose broth

PGA:

Peptone glucose agar

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by National Institute of Food & Agriculture grant number 2011-67009-30026 and United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System project number 5440-21220-032-00D. The authors thank P. Dowd for valuable suggestions; J. Toy for production and maintenance of greenhouse grown grain; and S. Timmons for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This article is in the public domain and not copyrightable. It may be freely reprinted with customary crediting of source. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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  1. Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit (WSFRU), United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska (UNL), Lincoln, NE, 68583-0937, USA

    Deanna L. Funnell-Harris & Patrick M. O’Neill

  2. WSFRU, USDA-ARS, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL, Lincoln, NE, USA

    Scott E. Sattler, Tammy Gries & Jeffrey F. Pedersen

  3. National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 1815 N. University St, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA

    Mark A. Berhow

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  1. Deanna L. Funnell-Harris
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Correspondence to Deanna L. Funnell-Harris.

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Jeffrey F. Pedersen is retired.

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Funnell-Harris, D.L., O’Neill, P.M., Sattler, S.E. et al. Response of sorghum stalk pathogens to brown midrib plants and soluble phenolic extracts from near isogenic lines. Eur J Plant Pathol 148, 941–953 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-017-1148-2

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