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Virulence spectrum and genetic structure of Rhizoctonia isolates associated with rice sheath blight in the northern region of India

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Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, a highly variable pathogen, causes sheath blight of rice globally leading to serious yield losses under favourable environmental conditions. Sixty-four Rhizoctonia isolates collected from diverse rice growing agro-ecological zones of the north Indian state of Punjab were analyzed for species identification, genetic diversity, morphological features and virulence pattern. Accurate identification of the fungal species using internal transcribed spacer species-specific primers confirmed presence of R. solani (84.4 %), R. oryzae-sativae (10.9 %), R. oryzae (1.5 %) and mixed infection of these Rhizoctonia sp. Genetic structure of the isolates resolved using inter simple sequence repeat primers revealed high degree of polymorphism (PIC value ranging from 0.80 to 0.90), clustering the pathogen population into four major groups. The virulence pattern of 18 isolates representing genetically diverse groups generated by ISSR profile was quantified on seven rice genotypes/cultivars i.e., Tetep, Jasmine 85, Te-Qing, D-256, D-6766, PR108 and PAU201 with different levels of resistance to rice sheath blight. The hierarchical cluster analysis based on different disease variables classified isolates into six main groups. Reaction of individual isolate to each genotype revealed different levels of virulence pointing towards high evolutionary potential, thus enabling it to adapt to diverse geographical regions.

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Acknowledgments

Dr C. M. Vera Cruz, International Rice Research Institute, the Philippines is thankfully acknowledged for generously providing the seed material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India

    G. Gargas & J. S. Sandhu

  2. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India

    J. S. Lore, J. Jain & G. S. Mangat

  3. Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India

    M. S. Hunjan

Authors
  1. J. S. Lore
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  2. J. Jain
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  3. M. S. Hunjan
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  4. G. Gargas
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  5. G. S. Mangat
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  6. J. S. Sandhu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. S. Sandhu.

Electronic supplementary material

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Supplementary Table 1

Morphological characters of Rhizoctonia isolates (DOCX 20 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 1

PCR amplification of Rhizoctonia isolates using R. solani specific ITS primers (M; Gene ruler molecular weight marker, catalogue # SM0311), isolates are abbreviated in Table 1 (PPTX 147 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2

PCR amplification of Rhizoctonia isolates using R. oryzae-sativae specific primers (M;Promega molecular weight marker, catalogue # G7511), isolates are abbreviated in Table 1 (PPTX 303 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 3

PCR amplification of Rhizoctonia isolates using R. oryzae specific primers (M;Promega molecular weight marker, catalogue # G7511), isolates are abbreviated in Table 1 (PPTX 264 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 4

a DNA profile of Rhizoctonia isolates obtained with ISSR primer R28 (M; Gene ruler molecular weight marker, catalogue # SM0311). The serial number 1 to 55 are shown in Table 1 b DNA profile of Rhizoctonia isolates obtained with ISSR primer R30 (M; Gene ruler molecular weight marker, catalogue # SM0311). The serial number 1 to 55 are shown in Table 1 (PPTX 517 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 5

a-c Different types of sclerotia arrangement in Rhizoctonia isolates. a) scattered arrangement b) ring in centre c) ring in centre and at periphery (PPTX 1336 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 6

Dendogram showing different groups of Rhizoctonia isolates according to their morphological characters (PPTX 68 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 7

Dendogram showing different groups of Rhizoctonia isolates according to their virulence spectrum (PPTX 69 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 8

a-b Reaction of Rhizoctonia isolates on rice cultivar Jasmine 85. a) Shb-1105 showing lower lesion length compared to b) Shb-905 (PPTX 665 kb)

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Lore, J.S., Jain, J., Hunjan, M.S. et al. Virulence spectrum and genetic structure of Rhizoctonia isolates associated with rice sheath blight in the northern region of India. Eur J Plant Pathol 143, 847–860 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0736-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0736-2

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