Skip to main content
Log in

Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens flagellin on physiological and biochemical characteristics in the suspension cells of Pinus thunbergii

  • Published:
European Journal of Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In order to investigate the effects of flagellin secreted by bacteria associated with pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) on pine cells, suspension cells of Pinus thunbergii were treated with flagellin of Pseudomonas fluorescens GcM5-1A, and some physiological indices were determined. Superoxide anions radical (·O2 ) in treated suspension cells increased with prolongation of treatment time, with maximum content of 1,282 μmol g−1 FW at 30 h, but the content of H2O2 gradually decreased as compared with that in the control group. Maximum content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline, which is 1.72 times and 1.49 times of that in the control, respectively, appeared when suspension cells were treated for 12 h, after that both of the contents decreased gradually. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalases (CAT) also increased at the primary stage of treatment and then decreased compared with those of the control.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bates, C. J., Waldren, R. P., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39, 205–207.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouranis, D. L., Chorianopoulou, S. N., Siyiannis, V. F., Protonotarios, V. E., & Hawkesford, M. J. (2003). Aerenchyma formation in roots of maize during sulphate starvation. Planta, 217, 382–391.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248–254.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chance, B., & Maehly, A. C. (1955). Assay of catalase and peroxidase. Methods in Enzymology, 2, 764–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gómez-Gómez, L., & Boller, T. (2002). Flagellin perception: a paradigm for innate immunity. Trends in Plant Science, 7, 251–256.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Govrin, E. M., & Levine, A. (2000). The hypersensitive response facilitates plant infection by the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Current Biology, 10, 751–757.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, Q., Guo, D., Zhao, B., Xu, J., & Li, R. (2007). Two cyclic dipeptides from Pseudomonas fluorescens GcM5-1A carried by the pine wood nematode and their toxicities to Japanese black pine suspension cells and seedlings in vitro. Journal of Nematology, 39, 243–247.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo, D. S., Zhao, B. G., Li, R. G., Kulinch, Q. A., & Ryss, A. (2008). Purification of flagellin of Pseudomonas fluorescens GcM5-1A carried by the pine wood nematote, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and its in vitro toxicity to a suspension of cells of Pinus thunbergii. Russian Journal of Nematology, 16(2), 151–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heath, R. L., & Packer, L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 125, 189–198.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, J. D., & Dang, J. L. (2006). The plant immune system. Nature, 444, 323–329.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knorzer, O. C., Burner, J., & Boger, P. (1996). Alterations in the antioxidative systerm of suspension-cultured soybean cells (Glycine max) induced by oxidative stress. Physiologia Plantarum, 97, 388–396.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Dang, Q., Son, S. W., Cheon, H. M., Choi, G. J., Choi, Y. H., Jang, K. S., et al. (2011). Pyochelin isolated from Burkholderia arboris KRICT1 carried by pine wood nematodes exhibits phytotoxicity in pine callus. Nematology, 13(5), 521–528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maxwell, D. P., Wang, Y., & McIntosh, L. (1999). The alternative oxidase lowers mitochondrial reactive oxygen production in plant cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96, 8271–8276.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S. P., & Choudhuri, M. A. (1983). Implications of water stress-induced changes in the levels of endogenous ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide in Vigna seedlings. Physiologia Plantarum, 58, 166–170.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oh, H. S., & Collmer, A. (2005). Basal resistance against bacteria in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves is accompanied by reduced vascular staining and suppressed by multiple Pseudomonas syringae type III secretion system effector proteins. The Plant Journal, 44, 348–359.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sui, N., Li, M., Liu, X., Wang, N., Fang, W., & Meng, Q. (2007). Response of xanthophyll cycle and chloroplastic antioxidant enzymes to chilling stress in tomato over-expressing glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gene. Photosynthetica, 45, 447–454.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taguchi, F., Shimizu, R., Nakajima, R., Toyoda, K., Shiraishi, T., & Ichinose, Y. (2003). Differential effects of flagellins from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci, tomato and glycinea on plant defense response. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 41, 165–174.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taguchi, F., Takeuchi, K., Katoh, E., Murata, K., Suzuki, T., Marutani, M., et al. (2006). Identification of glycosylation genes and glycosylated amino acids of flagellin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. Cellular Microbiology, 8, 923–938.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, N., Che, F. S., Watanabe, N., Fujiwara, S., Takayama, S., & Isogai, A. (2003). Flagellin from an incompatible strain of Acidovorax avenae mediates H2O2 generation accompanying hypersensitive cell death and expression of PAL, Cht-1, and PBZ1, but not of Lox in rice. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 16, 422–428.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X. S., & Han, J. G. (2009). Changes of proline content, activity, and active isoforms of antioxidative enzymes in two alfalfa cultivars under salt stress. Agricultural Sciences in China, 8, 431–440.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, F., & Miao, L. (2010). Adaptive responses to progressive drought stress in two poplar species originating from different altitudes. Silva Fennica, 44(1), 23–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, F., Xu, X., Xiao, X., & Li, C. (2009). Responses to drought stress in two poplar species originating from different altitudes. Biologia Plantarum, 53(3), 511–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, F., Wang, Y., Wang, J., Deng, W., Liao, L., & Li, M. (2011). Different eco-physiological responses between male and female Populus deltoides clones to waterlogging stress. Forest Ecology and Management, 262(11), 1963–1971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L., Yue, T., Zhao, B., Guo, D., Wu, B., Wang, T., et al. (2012). Flagellin promotes propagation of pine wood nematode and its carrying Pseudomonas fluorescens GcM5-1A in callus of Pinus thunbergii through inducing cell death. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6(6), 1322–1328.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, B. G., Wang, H. L., Han, S. F., & Han, Z. M. (2003). Distribution and pathogenicity of bacteria species carried by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in China. Nematology, 5, 899–906.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, B. G., Futai, K., Sutherland, J. R., & Takeuchi, Y. (2008). Pine wilt disease. New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, C., Jiang, D., Liu, F., Dai, T., Jing, Q., & Cao, W. (2009). Effects of salt and waterlogging stresses and their combination on leaf photosynthesis, chloroplast ATP synthesis, and antioxidant capacity in wheat. Plant Science, 176, 575–582.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

This work was in part supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 31070575), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, PR China (No: ZR2010CM009) and Basic Research Project of Qingdao, PR china (No: 12-1-4-2-(1)-jch).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daosen Guo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Xu, Z., Yu, J., Cui, L. et al. Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens flagellin on physiological and biochemical characteristics in the suspension cells of Pinus thunbergii . Eur J Plant Pathol 136, 729–736 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-013-0202-y

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-013-0202-y

Keywords

Navigation