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Screen for low-arsenic-risk rice varieties based on environment–genotype interactions by using GGE analysis

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Abstract

Arsenic (As) accumulation in rice is a global health concern that has received increased attention in recent years. In this study, 12 rice genotypes were cultivated at four As-contaminated paddy sites in Taiwan. According to the different crop seasons and As levels in the soil, the sites were further divided into 18 environmental conditions. For As in soils, results showed that 67% of the studied environments were likely to represent As contamination. For As in rice, the mean total As concentration in brown rice grains ranged from 0.17 to 0.45 mg kg−1. The analysis of variance for the environment effect indicated that grain As concentration was mainly affected by the environmental conditions, suggesting that there was a remarkable degree of variation across the trial environments. According to the combination of the GGE biplot and cumulative distribution function of order statistics (CDFOS) analysis, five genotypes—TCS17, TCS10, TT30, KH139, and TC192—were regarded as stable, low-risk genotypes because the probability of grain As concentration exceeding the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) was lower for these genotypes across all environmental conditions. Particularly, TCS17 was recommended to be the safest rice genotype. Thus, grain As levels in the selected genotypes were applied to assess the health risk to Taiwanese residents associated with As exposure through rice consumption. Results showed that the upper 75th percentile values of the hazard quotient were all less than unity. This suggested that the health risk associated with consuming the selected rice genotypes was acceptable for most of the residents. The methodology developed here would be applicable to screen for stable, low-As-risk rice genotypes across multiple field environments in other regions or countries.

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Data availability

The data used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, Republic of China, under grant Nos. MOST 108-2313-B-343-001-MY3 and MOST 111-2313-B343-001-.

Funding

This work was financially supported by [National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, Republic of China] (Grant numbers [MOST 108–2313-B-343–001-MY3] and [MOST 111–2313-B343-001-]).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, National Chiayi University, Chiayi County, Taiwan

    Kai-Wei Juang & Ting Tsai

  2. Department of Natural Biotechnology, Nanhua University, No. 55, Sec. 1, Nanhua Rd., Dalin Township, Chiayi County, 622, Taiwan

    Ting Tsai & Bo-Ching Chen

  3. Agricultural Chemistry Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung City, Taiwan

    Chien-Hui Syu

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  1. Kai-Wei Juang
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  2. Ting Tsai
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  4. Bo-Ching Chen
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization and methodology were performed by [B-CC] and [K-WJ]. Experiment, investigation, resources, and data analysis and curation were performed by [K-WJ], [TT], and [C-HS]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [B-CC], and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bo-Ching Chen.

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Juang, KW., Tsai, T., Syu, CH. et al. Screen for low-arsenic-risk rice varieties based on environment–genotype interactions by using GGE analysis. Environ Geochem Health 46, 4 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-023-01795-2

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