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Effects of sedimentary heavy metals on meiobenthic community in tropical estuaries along eastern Arabian Sea

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Abstract

The central west coast of India comprises the 720 km long coastline of Maharashtra state and houses widespread industrial zones along the eastern Arabian Sea. Sediments from seven industrial-dominated estuaries along the central west coast were studied for metal enrichment and benthic assemblages to determine sediment quality status and ecological effects in these areas. The suit of geochemical indices highlighted the contamination of sediment in the estuaries concerning heavy metals. Positive correlations of Hg with Co, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Pb indicated the source similarity and effect of anthropogenic activity. non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (n-MDS) based on meiofaunal abundance showed a cleared separation of clusters through the gradient of heavy metal concentrations. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) results with the Monte Carlo test signified those heavy metals influenced the meiobenthic community. Heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Hg) were the main drivers shaping the meiofaunal community with a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in taxa richness, diversity, and evenness. Dominant meiofaunal assemblages evidence the tolerance of foraminiferans and nematodes. However, these taxa were affected by decreased abundance at impacted sites compared to other fauna. In conclusion, results demonstrated that impairment occurred in the meiofaunal community in most estuaries (except AB and KK).

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author, [U.K. Pradhan]. The data are not publicly available due to restrictions [e.g., their containing information that could compromise the privacy of research participants].

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Director, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), and the Scientist-in-Charge, CSIR-NIO, Regional Centre, Mumbai, for providing all necessary facilities and encouraging the work. The authors are very glad and grateful to the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) for financial support. We also would like thank the other members and entire team CSIR-NIO for physical support during field collections. This is CSIR-NIO's contribution No. 6890.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, Mumbai, 400053, India

    M. Nageswar Rao, S. Gaikwad, Anirudh Ram, U. K. Pradhan, S. Sautya, L. Kumbhar & Udayakrishnan P. B.

  2. Department of Organic Chemistry and Food, Drug and Water, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India

    M. Nageswar Rao & V. Siddaiha

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  1. M. Nageswar Rao
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. MNR helped in sample collection, analysis, and writing, GS contributed to collection, analysis, and writing, AR supervised the study, UKP edited the manuscript, SS reviewed the article, LK collected the sample, UPB analyzed the data, VS supervised the study.

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Correspondence to U. K. Pradhan.

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Rao, M.N., Gaikwad, S., Ram, A. et al. Effects of sedimentary heavy metals on meiobenthic community in tropical estuaries along eastern Arabian Sea. Environ Geochem Health 45, 731–750 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-022-01239-3

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