Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

On dust concentration profile above an area source in a neutral atmospheric surface layer

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Fluid Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The power law and logarithmic law among others are the most commonly well-known theories for equilibrium mean profile of dust concentration in a neutral atmospheric surface layer. However, these theories are based on the assumption of homogeneity in horizontal (streamwise) direction, thereby the horizontal advection term in the transport equation is neglected. In this study, with the help of a self-similar analytical solution of the two-dimensional steady-state dust transport equation (Chamecki and Meneveau, J Fluid Mech 683:1–26,  2011), we examine the applicabilities of the assumption which the one-dimensional theories are based on. In addition, we also propose an empirical fit of the theory, and good agreements with reference data have been obtained. The new approximate profile can be used as an alternative of the one-dimensional theories in practical applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Anderson RS, Hallet B (1986) Sediment transport by wind: toward a general model. Geol Soc Am Bull 97(5):523–535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bagnold GA (1941) The physics of blown sand and desert dunes. Methuen, London

    Google Scholar 

  3. Belan S, Lebedev V, Falkovich G (2016) Particle dispersion in the neutral atmospheric surface layer. Bound Layer Meteorol 159(1):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Budd WF (1966) The drifting of nonuniform snow particles. In: Studies in antarctic meteorology, Wiley Online Library, pp 59–70

  5. Chamberlain AC (1967) Transport of lycopodium spores and other small particles to rough surfaces. Proc R Soc Math Phys Eng Sci 296(1444):45–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Chamecki M (2012) An analytical model for dispersion of biological particles emitted from area sources: inclusion of dispersion in the crosswind direction. Agric For Meteorol 157(2):30–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chamecki M, Meneveau C (2011) Particle boundary layer above and downstream of an area source: scaling, simulations, and pollen transport. J Fluid Mech 683:1–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chamecki M, Hout RV, Meneveau C, Parlange MB (2007) Concentration profiles of particles settling in the neutral and stratified atmospheric boundary layer. Bound Layer Meteorol 125(1):25–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Chamecki M, Dufault NS, Isard SA (2012) Atmospheric dispersion of wheat rust spores: a new theoretical framework to interpret field data and estimate downwind dispersion. J Appl Meteorol Climatol 51(3):672–685

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Darmenova K, Sokolik IN, Shao Y, Marticorena B, Bergametti G (2009) Development of a physically based dust emission module within the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model: assessment of dust emission parameterizations and input parameters for source regions in central and east asia. J Geophys Res Atmos 114(D14):1159–1171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Freire LS, Chamecki M, Gillies JA (2016) Flux-profile relationship for dust concentration in the stratified atmospheric surface layer. Bound Layer Meteorol 160(2):249–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Garratt JR (1992) The atmospheric boundary layer. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gillies JA, Berkofsky L (2004) Eolian suspension above the saltation layer, the concentration profile. J Sediment Res 74(2):176–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kind RJ (1992) One-dimensional aeolian suspension above beds of loose particlesa new concentration-profile equation. Atmos Environ Part A Gen Top 26(5):927–931

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Klose M, Shao Y (2012) Stochastic parameterization of dust emission and application to convective atmospheric conditions. Atmos Chem Phys 12(1):3263–3293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kok JF (2011) A scaling theory for the size distribution of emitted dust aerosols suggests climate models underestimate the size of the global dust cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108(3):1016–1021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Kok JF, Parteli EJ, Michaels TI, Karam DB (2012) The physics of wind-blown sand and dust. Rep Prog Phys 75(10):1660–1669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kok JF, Mahowald NM, Fratini G, Gillies JA, Ishizuka M, Leys JF, Mikami M, Park MS, Park SU, Van Pelt RS (2014) An improved dust emission model—part 1: model description and comparison against measurements. Atmos Chem Phys 14(23):13023–13041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lu H, Shao Y (1041) A new model for dust emission by saltation bombardment. J Geophys Res Atmos D14:16827–16842

    Google Scholar 

  20. Marticorena B, Bergametti G (1995) Modeling the atmospheric dust cycle: 1. Design of a soil-derived dust emission scheme. J Geophys Res Atmos 100(D8):16415–16430

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Monin AS (1970) The atmospheric boundary layer. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 2(1):225–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Pan Y, Chamecki M, Isard SA (2013) Dispersion of heavy particles emitted from area sources in the unstable atmospheric boundary layer. Bound Layer Meteorol 146(2):235–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Prandtl L (1952) Essentials of fluid dynamics. Blackie and Son, London

    Google Scholar 

  24. Rouse H (1937) Modern conceptions of the mechanics or fluid turbulence. Trans Am Soc Civ Eng 102(1):463–505

    Google Scholar 

  25. Schlichting H (1968) Boundary-layer theory. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  26. Shao Y (2001) A model for mineral dust emission. J Geophys Res Atmos 106(D17):20239–20254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Shao Y (2004) Simplification of dust emission scheme and comparison with data. J Geophys Res Atmos 109(10):1–6

    Google Scholar 

  28. Shao Y (2008) Physics and modelling of wind erosion. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  29. Shao Y, Raupach MR, Findlater PA (1993) Effect of saltation bombardment on the entrainment of dust by wind. J Geophys Res Atmos 98(D7):12719–12726

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Shao Y, Ishizuka M, Mikami M, Leys JF (2011) Parameterization of size-resolved dust emission and validation with measurements. J Geophys Res Atmos 116(D8):185–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang G, Zheng X (2016) Very large scale motions in the atmospheric surface layer: a field investigation. J Fluid Mech 802:464–489

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Whicker JJ, Breshears DD, Field JP (2014) Progress on relationships between horizontal and vertical dust flux: mathematical, empirical and risk-based perspectives. Aeol Res 14:105–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Xiao J, Taylor PA (2002) On equilibrium profiles of suspended particles. Bound Layer Meteorol 105(3):471–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Yang XIA, Sadique J, Mittal R, Meneveau C (2015) Integral wall model for large eddy simulations of wall-bounded turbulent flows. Phys Fluids 27:025112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Zheng X (2009) Mechanics of wind-blown sand movements. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Jie Zhang and Prof. Feng Xu for helpful discussions and suggestions, as well as very insightful comments from the anonymous referees. Financial supports by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11490553, 11502185 and 11362010), Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (2016JQ1004) and Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China (Klmwde201501) are gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reseach Center for Applied Mechanics, School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China

    Zhengping Zhu, Ruifeng Hu & Xiaojing Zheng

  2. Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China (Lanzhou University), Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Xiaojing Zheng & Yan Wang

Authors
  1. Zhengping Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ruifeng Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiaojing Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yan Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ruifeng Hu or Xiaojing Zheng.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhu, Z., Hu, R., Zheng, X. et al. On dust concentration profile above an area source in a neutral atmospheric surface layer. Environ Fluid Mech 17, 1171–1188 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-017-9542-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-017-9542-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation