Abstract
Urban tropical lagoons are commonly impacted by silting, domestic sewage and industrial wastes and the dredging of their sediments is often required to minimize environmental impacts. However, the ecological implications of land disposal of dredged sediments are still poorly investigated in the tropics. Aiming to contribute to filling this gap, an ecotoxicological evaluation was conducted with dredged sediments from Tijuca Lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) using different lines of evidence, including soil and sediment characterization, metal determination, and acute and avoidance bioassays with Eisenia andrei. Two different dredged sediment samples, a sandy sediment and another muddy one, were obtained in two distinct and spatially representative sectors of the Tijuca Lagoon. The sediments were mixed with an artificial soil, Ferralsol and Spodosol to obtain doses between 0 (pure soil) and 12%. The sediment dose that caused mortality (LC50) or avoidance responses (EC50) to 50% of the organisms was estimated through PriProbit analysis. Metal concentrations and toxicity levels were higher in the muddy sediment (artificial soil LC50 = 3.84%; Ferralsol LC50 = 4.58%; Spodosol LC50 = 2.85%) compared to the sandy one (artificial soil LC50 = 10.94%; Ferralsol LC50 = 14.36%; Spodosol LC50 = 10.38%), since fine grains tend to adsorb more organic matter and contaminants. Mortality and avoidance responses were the highest in Spodosol due to its extremely sandy texture (98% of sand). Metal concentrations in surviving earthworms were generally low, except sodium whose bioaccumulation was high. Finally, the toxicity is probably linked to marine salts, and the earthworms seem to accumulate water in excess to maintain osmotic equilibrium, increasing their biomass.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the CNPq (National Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development) and CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level -or Education- Personnel) Institutions for providing grants for MT (Master-CAPES), RL (Master-CNPq), GK (IC-CNPq), DS (Doctorage-CNPq) and RC (PQ-CNPq – number 309583/2022-5).
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The first author RL and GK were supported by grants from CAPES (Brazilian Education Ministry) and CNPq (National Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation and data collection were performed by Rodrigo Lourenço, Matheus Teixeira, Helena Polivanov, Domynique Santos and Gustavo Koifman. Soil sampling was performed by Rodrigo Lourenço, Domynique Santos and Ricardo Cesar. Metal and phosphorus determination was performed by Katia Alexandre, Manuel Carneiro, Lilian Irene Dias, Mariana Mello Santos Cerveira Pereira and Zuleica Castilhos. Physical and chemical characterization of soils and sediments were performed by Rodrigo Lourenço, Helena Polivanov, Domynique Santos, Gustavo Koifman and Matheus Teixeira. The ecotoxicological tests were performed by Rodrigo Lourenço, Gustavo Koifman, Domynique Santos, Matheus Teixeira and Ricardo Cesar. The statistical treatments were performed by Ricardo Cesar and Zuleica Castilhos. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Rodrigo Lourenço, Ricardo Cesar and Zuleica Castilhos, and the other authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Lourenço, R., Cesar, R., Koifman, G. et al. Land disposal of dredged sediments from an urbanized tropical lagoon: toxicity to soil fauna. Ecotoxicology (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-024-02757-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-024-02757-9