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The use of an Allonais inaequalis reproduction test as an ecotoxicological bioassay

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Abstract

Ecotoxicological bioassays have been widely utilized to evaluate the toxicity of substances to organisms. However, the main challenge for researchers is finding native species to assess the effects of pollutants on aquatic biota. The tropical Oligochaeta, Allonais inaequalis, can be used as a test organism in bioassays to understand the effects of toxicants on aquatic ecosystems and their impact on native aquatic biota. In this study, we tested four methodological designs to validate the use of our “Allonais inaequalis reproduction test” as an ecotoxicological bioassay. For each sample, the assay consisted of a bottle containing 10 mg of sterilized fine sand, 60 mL of dechlorinated tap water and 6 organisms, fed at the beginning of the test and again after 5 days. The assay was first established in a controlled environment and then used to evaluate a stressed environment containing one of the following three toxicants suggested by the OECD (2008) and Corbi et al. (2015): zinc chloride, copper sulfate, or potassium chloride. Our results showed that the best experimental design for reproduction analysis was a static, long-term bioassay, which lasted 10 days without aeration and allowed for the reproduction of multiple generations (10 ± 5 new organisms). The observed inhibition reproduction by toxicants (EC50 ranging between 0.2 mg L−1 and 1.36 g L−1) validated the methods used in this paper. The use of a reproduction endpoint is a new contribution to the ecotoxicological toolbox, examining responses from a native organism to predict the effects of pollutants in an aquatic environment.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq—grants# 168736/2018-7 and 131610/2018-0), the Brazilian Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES—grants# 88887.353028/2019-00 and 88887.339518/2019-00) and the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP - grants# 2018/21901-0 and 2016/24622-9) for financing this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation (SHS), Ecology of Aquatic Environments Laboratory, School of Engineering of Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo – USP, CEP 13566-590, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

    M. C. Felipe, A. C. Bernegossi, G. B. Castro, F. R. Pinheiro, B. L. Nadai, B. N. Cardoso-Silva & J. J. Corbi

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  1. M. C. Felipe
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  2. A. C. Bernegossi
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  3. G. B. Castro
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  4. F. R. Pinheiro
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  5. B. L. Nadai
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  6. B. N. Cardoso-Silva
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  7. J. J. Corbi
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Correspondence to M. C. Felipe.

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Felipe, M.C., Bernegossi, A.C., Castro, G.B. et al. The use of an Allonais inaequalis reproduction test as an ecotoxicological bioassay. Ecotoxicology 29, 634–638 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-020-02232-1

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