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Distribution patterns of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria in the freshwater marsh of Honghe wetland in Northeast China

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Abstract

Community characteristics of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria in Honghe freshwater marsh, a Ramsar-designated wetland in Northeast China, were analyzed in this study. Samples were collected from surface and low layers of sediments in the Experimental, Buffer, and Core Zones in the reserve. Community structures of AOB were investigated using both 16S rRNA and amoA (encoding for the α-subunit of the ammonia monooxygenase) genes. Majority of both 16S rRNA and amoA gene-PCR amplified sequences obtained from the samples in the three zones affiliated with Nitrosospira, which agreed with other wetland studies. A relatively high richness of β-AOB amoA gene detected in the freshwater marsh might suggest minimal external pressure was experienced, providing a suitable habitat for β-AOB communities. Anammox bacteria communities were assessed using both 16S rRNA and hzo (encoding for hydrazine oxidoreductase) genes. However, PCR amplification of the hzo gene in all samples failed, suggesting that the utilization of hzo biomarker for detecting anammox bacteria in freshwater marsh might have serious limitations. Results with 16S rRNA gene showed that Candidatus Kuenenia was detected in only the Experimental Zone, whereas Ca. Scalindua including different lineages was observed in both the Buffer and Experimental Zones but not the Core Zone. These results indicated that both AOB and anammox bacteria have specific distribution patterns in the ecosystem corresponding to the extent of anthropogenic impact.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a studentship (KHL) from the Graduate School of The University of Hong Kong and research grant number No. 2012B030800011 (GZ). Additional financial support of this project was from Environmental Toxicology Education and Research Fund of this laboratory. We would like to thank the help and assistance of Mr. Dehui Shi from Honghe State Farm for obtaining permission to gain access to the sampling sites, and of Miss Chunyu Zheng of Jin Zuo Yue Company for the transportation and logistics provided during the sampling. We also thank Miss Jessie Lai and Kelly Lau for support in chemical analysis and Dr. Jing Wang for assistance in field sampling.

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The authors have no conflict of interest in research results report here.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China

    Kwok-Ho Lee & Ji-Dong Gu

  2. Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, No. 233, Guangshan 1st Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Yong-Feng Wang

  3. Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People’s Republic of China

    Guo-Xia Zhang

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  1. Kwok-Ho Lee
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Correspondence to Ji-Dong Gu.

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Kwok-Ho Lee and Yong-Feng Wang are contributed to this work equally.

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Lee, KH., Wang, YF., Zhang, GX. et al. Distribution patterns of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria in the freshwater marsh of Honghe wetland in Northeast China. Ecotoxicology 23, 1930–1942 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1333-4

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