ACIA (2005) Arctic Climate Impacts Assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Google Scholar
Aspinall W (2010) A route to more tractable expert advice. Nature 463(7279):294–295. doi:10.1038/463294a
Article
Google Scholar
Bellamy PH, Loveland PJ, Bradley RI, Lark RM, Kirk GJD (2005) Carbon losses from all soils across England and Wales 1978–2003. Nature 437(7056):245–248. doi:10.1038/nature04038
Article
Google Scholar
Chambers SD, Chapin FS (2002) Fire effects on surface-atmosphere energy exchange in Alaskan black spruce ecosystems: implications for feedbacks to regional climate. J Geophys Res-Atmos 108(D1). doi:10.1029/2001jd000530
Dutta K, Schuur EAG, Neff JC, Zimov SA (2006) Potential carbon release from permafrost soils of Northeastern Siberia. Glob Change Biol 12(12):2336–2351. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01259.x
Article
Google Scholar
Elberling B, Christiansen HH, Hansen BU (2010) High nitrous oxide production from thawing permafrost. Nat Geosci 3(5):332–335. doi:10.1038/ngeo803
Article
Google Scholar
Euskirchen ES, McGuire AD, Kicklighter DW, Zhuang Q, Clein JS, Dargaville RJ, Dye DG, Kimball JS, McDonald KC, Melillo JM, Romanovsky VE, Smith NV (2006) Importance of recent shifts in soil thermal dynamics on growing season length, productivity, and carbon sequestration in terrestrial high-latitude ecosystems. Glob Change Biol 12(4):731–750. doi:10.1111/J.1365-2486.2006.01113.X
Article
Google Scholar
Fan ZS, Neff JC, Harden JW, Wickland KP (2008) Boreal soil carbon dynamics under a changing climate: a model inversion approach. J Geophys Res-Biogeo 113. doi:10.1029/2008JG000723
Fischer H, Behrens M, Bock M, Richter U, Schmitt J, Loulergue L, Chappellaz J, Spahni R, Blunier T, Leuenberger M, Stocker TF (2008) Changing boreal methane sources and constant biomass burning during the last termination. Nature 452(7189):864–867. doi:10.1038/Nature06825
Article
Google Scholar
Gorham E (1991) Northern Peatlands—Role in the carbon-cycle and probable responses to climatic warming. Ecol Appl 1(2):182–195. doi:10.2307/1941811
Article
Google Scholar
Grosse G, Harden J, Turetsky M, McGuire AD, Camill P, Tarnocai C, Frolking S, Schuur EAG, Jorgenson T, Marchenko S, Romanovsky V, Wickland KP, French N, Waldrop M, Bourgeau-Chavez L, Striegl RG (2011) Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance. J Geophys Res-Biogeo 116. doi:10.1029/2010jg001507
Halpern BS, Walbridge S, Selkoe KA, Kappel CV, Micheli F, D’Agrosa C, Bruno JF, Casey KS, Ebert C, Fox HE, Fujita R, Heinemann D, Lenihan HS, Madin EMP, Perry MT, Selig ER, Spalding M, Steneck R, Watson R (2008) A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems. Science 319(5865):948–952. doi:10.1126/science.1149345
Article
Google Scholar
Jobbagy EG, Jackson RB (2000) The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation. Ecol Appl 10(2):423–436. doi:10.2307/2641104
Article
Google Scholar
Johnson KD, Harden J, McGuire AD, Bliss NB, Bockheim JG, Clark M, Nettleton-Hollingsworth T, Jorgenson MT, Kane ES, Mack M, O’Donnell J, Ping CL, Schuur EAG, Turetsky MR, Valentine DW (2011) Soil carbon distribution in Alaska in relation to soil-forming factors. Geoderma 167–68:71–84. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.10.006
Article
Google Scholar
Jorgenson MT, Shur YL, Pullman ER (2006) Abrupt increase in permafrost degradation in Arctic Alaska. Geophysical Research Letters 33 (2). doi:10.1029/2005gl024960
Kanevskiy M, Shur Y, Fortier D, Jorgenson MT, Stephani E (2011) Cryostratigraphy of late Pleistocene syngenetic permafrost (yedoma) in northern Alaska, Itkillik River exposure. Quaternary Res 75(3):584–596. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2010.12.003
Article
Google Scholar
Koven C, Friedlingstein P, Ciais P, Khvorostyanov D, Krinner G, Tarnocai C (2009) On the formation of high-latitude soil carbon stocks: Effects of cryoturbation and insulation by organic matter in a land surface model. Geophysical Research Letters 36:-. doi:10.1029/2009gl040150
Koven CD, Ringeval B, Friedlingstein P, Ciais P, Cadule P, Khvorostyanov D, Krinner G, Tarnocai C (2011) Permafrost carbon-climate feedbacks accelerate global warming. P Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(36):14769–14774. doi:10.1073/pnas.1103910108
Article
Google Scholar
Lawrence DM, Slater AG, Swenson SC (2011) Simulation of Present-day and Future Permafrost and Seasonally Frozen Ground Conditions in CCSM4. J Clim. doi:10.1175/jcli-d-11-00334.1
Lenton TM, Held H, Kriegler E, Hall JW, Lucht W, Rahmstorf S, Schellnhuber HJ (2008) Tipping elements in the Earth’s climate system. P Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(6):1786–1793. doi:10.1073/pnas.0705414105
Article
Google Scholar
Mack MC, Bret-Harte MS, Hollingsworth TN, Jandt RR, Schuur EAG, Shaver GR, Verbyla DL (2011) Carbon loss from an unprecedented Arctic tundra wildfire. Nature 475(7357):489–492. doi:10.1038/nature10283
Article
Google Scholar
McGuire AD, Macdonald RW, Schuur EAG, Harden JW, Kuhry P, Hayes DJ, Christensen TR, Heimann M (2010) The carbon budget of the northern cryosphere region. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 2(4):231–236. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2010.05.003
Article
Google Scholar
Meehl GA, Stocker TF, Collins WD, Friedlingstein P, Gaye AT, Gregory JM, Kitoh A, Knutti R, Murphy JM, Noda A, Raper SCB, Watterson IG, Weaver AJ, Zhao Z-C (2007) Global Climate Projections. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (eds) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
Google Scholar
Morgan MG, Pitelka LF, Shevliakova E (2001) Elicitation of expert judgments of climate change impacts on forest ecosystems. Clim Chang 49:279–307. doi:10.1023/a:1010651300697
Article
Google Scholar
Osterkamp TE, Jorgenson MT, Schuur EAG, Shur YL, Kanevskiy MZ, Vogel JG, Tumskoy VE (2009) Physical and ecological changes associated with warming permafrost and thermokarst in interior Alaska. Permafr Periglac Process 20(3):235–256. doi:10.1002/ppp.656
Article
Google Scholar
Peters GP, Marland G, Le Quere C, Boden T, Canadell JG, Raupach MR (2012) Rapid growth in CO2 emissions after the 2008–2009 global financial crisis. Nature Clim Change 2:2–4. doi:10.1038/nclimate1332
Article
Google Scholar
Ping CL, Michaelson GJ, Kane ES, Packee EC, Stiles CA, Swanson DK, Zaman ND (2010) Carbon stores and biogeochemical properties of soils under black spruce forest, Alaska. Soil Sci Soc Am J 74(3):969–978. doi:10.2136/sssaj2009.0152
Article
Google Scholar
Romanovsky VE, Osterkamp TE (2000) Effects of unfrozen water on heat and mass transport processes in the active layer and permafrost. Permafr Periglac Process 11(3):219–239. doi:10.1002/1099-1530(200007/09)11:3<219::aid-ppp352>3.0.co;2-7
Article
Google Scholar
Romanovsky VE, Smith SL, Christiansen HH, Shiklomanov NI, Drozdov DS, Oberman NG, Kholodov AL, Marchenko SS (2011) Permafrost [in Arctic Report Card 2011], http://www.arctic.noaa.gov/reportcard
Saito K, Kimoto M, Zhang T, Takata K, Emori S (2007) Evaluating a high-resolution climate model: Simulated hydrothermal regimes in frozen ground regions and their change under the global warming scenario. J Geophys Res-Earth Surf 112 (F2):-. doi:10.1029/2006jf000577
Sannel ABK, Kuhry P (2011) Warming-induced destabilization of peat plateau/thermokarst lake complexes. J Geophys Res-Biogeo 116. doi:10.1029/2010jg001635
Schaefer K, Zhang T, Bruhwiler L, Barrett AP (2011) Amount and timing of permafrost carbon release in response to climate warming. Tellus B:no-no. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00527.x
Schirrmeister, L., G. Grosse, S. Wetterich, P. P. Overduin, J. Strauss, E. A. G. Schuur, and H.‐W. Hubberten (2011), Fossil organic matter characteristics in permafrost deposits of the northeast Siberian Arctic. J Geophys Res 116:G00M02. doi:10.1029/2011JG001647
Schneider von Deimling T, Meinshausen M, Levermann A, Huber V, Frieler K, Lawrence DM, Brovkin V (2011) Estimating the permafrost-carbon feedback on global warming. Biogeosciences 8:4727–4767
Article
Google Scholar
Schuur EAG, Bockheim J, Canadell JG, Euskirchen E, Field CB, Goryachkin SV, Hagemann S, Kuhry P, Lafleur PM, Lee H, Mazhitova G, Nelson FE, Rinke A, Romanovsky VE, Shiklomanov N, Tarnocai C, Venevsky S, Vogel JG, Zimov SA (2008) Vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change: implications for the global carbon cycle. Bioscience 58(8):701–714. doi:10.1641/B580807
Article
Google Scholar
Schuur EAG, Vogel JG, Crummer KG, Lee H, Sickman JO, Osterkamp TE (2009) The effect of permafrost thaw on old carbon release and net carbon exchange from tundra. Nature 459(7246):556–559. doi:10.1038/Nature08031
Article
Google Scholar
Shindell DT, Faluvegi G, Koch DM, Schmidt GA, Unger N, Bauer SE (2009) Improved attribution of climate forcing to emissions. Science 326(5953):716–718. doi:10.1126/science.1174760
Article
Google Scholar
Shur YL, Jorgenson MT (2007) Patterns of permafrost formation and degradation in relation to climate and ecosystems. Permafr Periglac Process 18(1):7–19. doi:10.1002/ppp.582
Article
Google Scholar
Tarnocai C, Canadell JG, Schuur EAG, Kuhry P, Mazhitova G, Zimov S (2009) Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 23:-. doi:10.1029/2008gb003327
Turetsky MR, Donahue WF, Benscoter BW (2011) Experimental drying intensifies burning and carbon losses in a northern peatland. Nature Communications 2. doi:10.1038/ncomms1523
Vogel J, Schuur EAG, Trucco C, Lee H (2009) Response of CO(2) exchange in a tussock tundra ecosystem to permafrost thaw and thermokarst development. J Geophys Res-Biogeo 114. doi:10.1029/2008jg000901
Walker MD, Wahren CH, Hollister RD, Henry GHR, Ahlquist LE, Alatalo JM, Bret-Harte MS, Calef MP, Callaghan TV, Carroll AB, Epstein HE, Jonsdottir IS, Klein JA, Magnusson B, Molau U, Oberbauer SF, Rewa SP, Robinson CH, Shaver GR, Suding KN, Thompson CC, Tolvanen A, Totland O, Turner PL, Tweedie CE, Webber PJ, Wookey PA (2006) Plant community responses to experimental warming across the tundra biome. P Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:1342–1346. doi:10.1073/pnas.0503198103
Article
Google Scholar
Walter KM, Edwards ME, Grosse G, Zimov SA, Chapin FS (2007) Thermokarst lakes as a source of atmospheric CH(4) during the last deglaciation. Science 318(5850):633–636. doi:10.1126/science.1142924
Article
Google Scholar
Wickland KP, Striegl RG, Neff JC, Sachs T (2006) Effects of permafrost melting on CO2 and CH4 exchange of a poorly drained black spruce lowland. J Geophys Res-Biogeo 111 (G2). doi:10.1029/2005jg000099
Yoshikawa K, Bolton WR, Romanovsky VE, Fukuda M, Hinzman LD (2002) Impacts of wildfire on the permafrost in the boreal forests of Interior Alaska. J Geophys Res-Atmos 108 (D1). doi:10.1029/2001jd000438
Zimov SA, Davydov SP, Zimova GM, Davydova AI, Schuur EAG, Dutta K, Chapin FS (2006) Permafrost carbon: Stock and decomposability of a globally significant carbon pool. Geophysical Research Letters 33 (20):-. doi:10.1029/2006gl027484