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An examination of the relationship between conduct problems and depressive symptoms comorbidity and temperament among elementary school children

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Abstract

Although the comorbidity between conduct problems (CP) and depressive symptoms (DS) is associated with a host of negative outcomes, the factors, such as temperament, that might explain this comorbidity in school-aged boys and girls are poorly understood. This study compared elementary school children presenting co-occurring CP and DS to children with DS only, CP only, and those with low-level symptoms on temperament dimensions, and explored the moderating role of child sex in the associations. Participants are 487 children (M = 8.38 years, SD = 0.92, 52.2% girls) divided into four groups (CP + DS, DS only, CP only, control). Findings suggest that boys with CP and DS presented a lower level of fear than boys with DS and boys from the control group. They also presented higher levels of activity than boys with DS. Girls with CP and DS presented lower levels of fear than girls with DS, lower levels of approach and activity than girls with CP, and higher levels of shyness than girls from the control group. These findings suggest that temperament may discriminate children with comorbid CP and DS from those presenting only CP or DS.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (NRF 82694) and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC 37890). We thank the children, parents, and teachers who participated in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département des sciences de l’éducation, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300, allée des Ursulines, C. P. 3300, succ. A Rimouski, G5L 3A1, Québec, Canada

    Martine Poirier

  2. Département de psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada

    Jean-Pascal Lemelin & Michèle Déry

  3. Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada

    Olivia Crescenzi & Caroline E. Temcheff

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  1. Martine Poirier
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  2. Jean-Pascal Lemelin
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  5. Caroline E. Temcheff
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Correspondence to Martine Poirier.

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Poirier, M., Lemelin, JP., Déry, M. et al. An examination of the relationship between conduct problems and depressive symptoms comorbidity and temperament among elementary school children. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 55, 655–666 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-022-01421-9

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