Abstract
Controlling axonal mitochondria is important for maintaining normal function of the neural network. Oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD), a model used for mimicking ischemia, eventually induces neuronal cell death similar to axonal degeneration. Axonal mitochondria are disrupted during OGD-induced neural degeneration; however, the mechanism underlying mitochondrial dysfunction has not been completely understood. We focused on the dynamics of mitochondria in axons exposed to OGD; we observed that the number of motile mitochondria significantly reduced in 1 h following OGD exposure. In our observation, the decreased length of stationary mitochondria was affected by the following factors: first, the halt of motile mitochondria; second, the fission of longer stationary mitochondria; and third, a transformation from tubular to spherical shape in OGD-exposed axons. Motile mitochondria reduction preceded stationary mitochondria fragmentation in OGD exposure; these conditions induced the decrease of stationary mitochondria in three different ways. Our results suggest that mitochondrial morphological changes precede the axonal degeneration while ischemia-induced neurodegeneration.
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14 July 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-022-01257-w
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Acknowledgements
We wish to thank H. Okushima and Y. Hayakawa of Sapporo Medical University for technical support.
Funding
This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (15K01419 and 18K10678) to S. Kikuchi, (19K05736) T. Kohno, (19K07464) T. Kojima and (21K06733) Y. Ohsaki.
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SK and TN designed the experiments; SK, TK, TK, and TN performed the research and data analysis; SK, HT, YO and TN drafted the paper.
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Kikuchi, S., Kohno, T., Kojima, T. et al. Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation Decreases the Motility and Length of Axonal Mitochondria in Cultured Dorsal Root Ganglion Cells of Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 43, 1267–1280 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-022-01247-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-022-01247-y