Abstract
Man-made cellulosic fibres (MMCF) are gaining attention due to their sustainability compared to other fibres. The demand for MMCF has increased due to improved standard of living leading to their accelerated production. Substantial amount of water and chemicals are required for the production of MMCF generating a significant volume of wastewater. This review highlights the type of effluents generated in MMCF industries, their characterization, along with global discharge standards. Chemical oxygen demand, dissolved salts, and heavy metals are found as the major source of impurities. Current effluent treatment methods are critically reviewed to identify the challenges and scope for technological advancement focusing on impurities reduction, value recovery, and water recycling to meet the stringent disposal norms. Additionally, the criteria for the selection of a techno-economically feasible treatment solution are also discussed. Further, the areas for improvement in conventional zero liquid discharge system for MMCF industries have been highlighted.
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Acknowledgments
This work is supported by Aditya Birla Science and Technology Company Private Limited (ABSTCPL) and Membrane Separation Laboratory, IIT Kharagpur. The authors are thankful to ABSTCPL leadership and all team members from the Fibre Textile Chemical department. Also thankful to all members of Membrane Separation laboratories for their valuable inputs and Knowledge Centre of ABSTCPL for their constant support in literature finding during this work. The author thanks Mrs. Sudha Kannan and Dr. Neeleshbharti Shukla for proofreading.
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Mondal, S., Ramachandran, A.A., De, S. et al. Review on wastewater treatment for man-made cellulosic fibre industries: recent advancement and future prospects. Cellulose 31, 1–26 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05594-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05594-x