Abstract
Fluoride ions are toxic, and F− in groundwater for drinking should be sufficiently reduced to be less than the regulated concentration. In this study, cellulose nanofibril-containing iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) powders were synthesized, and their F− adsorption behaviors were studied under various conditions. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were added to 0.1 M FeCl3, and 1 M NaOH was added to the FeCl3/TEMPO–CNF mixture to prepare FeOOH precipitates at various FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF mass ratios. When TEMPO–CNFs were present in the FeCl3 solution, the FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF precipitates were quantitatively obtained by straightforward filtration with filter paper; enabled by the larger size (> 300 µm) of the FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF precipitates than the FeOOH precipitates (< 100 µm) prepared without TEMPO–CNFs. The oven-dried FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF powder (87/13 by mass) showed the highest F− adsorption ratio in water compared with the synthesized FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF powders with FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF mass ratios of 100/0, 79/21, and 73/27. The F− adsorption ratios of the FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF powders were stable over the pH range 4‒10. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses of the powder surfaces before and after F− adsorption indicate that the F− in water adsorbed onto the FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF powder (87/13 by mass) and partially replaced the Cl− that was originally present in the powder. Thus, the FeOOH/TEMPO–CNF powder prepared in this study can be used as efficient, cost-effective F− adsorbents for drinking water and industrially polluted wastewater.
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Umehara, M., Kumamoto, Y., Mukai, K. et al. Iron (III) oxyhydroxide powders with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils: effective adsorbents for removal of fluoride ion in water. Cellulose 29, 9283–9295 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04842-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04842-w