Abstract
How nuclear spin dynamics of a polysaccharide are influenced by its anionic side chain is studied by measuring the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) tensor and site-specific spin–lattice relaxation time of xanthan, compared with those values for cellulose. The cellulose backbone of xanthan is substituted on every other \(\beta \)-d-glucose residue with an anionic trisaccharide side chain. These studies show that the spin–lattice relaxation rate of carbon nuclei of xanthan is increased compared to cellulose. The local correlation time of carbon nuclei of xanthan is faster than cellulose. In a nutshell, the motional-dynamic of xanthan is increased compared to cellulose. The presence of anionic side chains enhances the hydration and solubility of xanthan compared to cellulose. Hence, the microscopic phenomenon, increase in spin–lattice relaxation rate, is correlated with the macroscopic feature, enhancement of solubility. Hence, the correlation between the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of a polysaccharide is drawn by solid-state NMR measurements. The comparative description of the structure–activity relationship of linear polysaccharide (glucose) and anionic exopolysaccharide (xanthan), which are greatly different in terms of solubility, will help with inventing new biomimetic materials, which has huge application in pharmaceutical industries and tissue engineering. Additionally, the information about the local electronic environment and nuclear spin dynamics at crystallographically different carbon nuclei sides of polysaccharides by CSA measurements and spin–lattice relaxation time measurements will enrich the field ‘NMR-crystallography’.
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Acknowledgments
The author Manasi Ghosh is indebted to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), government of India SERB-POWER Grant (file no. SPG/2021/000303) for financial support. The authors are thankful to Prof. Philip Grandinetti for RMN software. The authors are thankful to sophisticated instrumentation centre of Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University for providing solid-state NMR facility.
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Dey, K.K., Ghosh, M. Understanding the effect of an anionic side-chain on the nuclear spin dynamics of a polysaccharide. Cellulose 29, 1381–1392 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04394-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04394-5