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Comparison of polyethylene glycol adsorption to nanocellulose versus fumed silica in water

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Abstract

The recent intensification of industrially produced cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils has positioned nanocelluloses as promising materials for many water-based products and applications. However, for nanocelluloses to move beyond solely an academic interest, a thorough understanding of their interaction with water-soluble polymers is needed. In this work, we address a conflicting trend in literature that suggests polyethylene glycol (PEG) adsorbs to CNC surfaces by comparing the adsorption behaviour of PEG with CNCs versus fumed silica. While PEG is known to have strong hydrogen bonding tendencies and holds water tightly, it is sometimes (we believe erroneously) presumed that PEG binds to cellulose through hydrogen bonding in aqueous media. To test this assumption, the adsorption of PEG to CNCs and fumed silica (both in the form of particle films and in aqueous dispersions) was examined using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, isothermal titration calorimetry, rheology and dynamic light scattering. For all PEG molecular weights (300–10,000 g/mol) and concentrations (100–10,000 ppm) tested, strong rapid adsorption was found with fumed silica, whereas no adsorption to CNCs was observed. We conclude that unlike silanols, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of CNCs do not readily hydrogen bond with the ether oxygen in the PEG backbone. As such, this work along with previous papermaking literature supports the opinion that PEG does not adsorb to cellulose surfaces.

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Acknowledgments

Funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Industrial Postgraduate Scholarship program sponsored by Cabot Corporation is gratefully acknowledged. We additionally acknowledge Cabot Corporation for their donation of CAB-O-SIL® M-5 fumed silica. Professors R. Pelton, A. Guarne, R. Epand and J. Moran-Mirabal are thanked for sharing equipment to characterize CNCs. Additionally, the Biointerfaces Institute and the Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research at McMaster University are acknowledged for support and equipment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada

    Michael S. Reid, Heera S. Marway, Camila Moran-Hidalgo & Emily D. Cranston

  2. Cabot Corporation, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA

    Marco Villalobos

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  1. Michael S. Reid
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Reid, M.S., Marway, H.S., Moran-Hidalgo, C. et al. Comparison of polyethylene glycol adsorption to nanocellulose versus fumed silica in water. Cellulose 24, 4743–4757 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1482-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1482-8

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