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Interactions of collagen and cellulose in their blends with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as solvent

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Abstract

Collagen/cellulose blended solutions with collagen/cellulose mass ratio (Col/Cel) of 0, 1/40, 1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 were prepared using [Emim]Ac as solvent. The interactions between the two polymers before and after regeneration were investigated. In steady shear flow, all of the experimental viscosity values were greater than those of the estimated values calculated from the log-additivity rule for each sample, suggesting interactions between the two polymers in solutions. All solutions exhibited shear thinning behavior and the flow curves could be described by Cross model. Zero shear viscosity (η 0) versus Col/Cel was examined and a linear increase (from 8.73 to 16.39 Pa·s) can be observed for η 0 as Col/Cel ≤ 1/10, while there was only a slight increase (from 16.39 to 18.42 Pa·s) in η 0 as Col/Cel increased to 1/5. Dynamic rheology results suggested the existence of aggregates in solution with Col/Cel = 1/10. Furthermore, the activation energy of solution was 84.5 kJ mol−1 as Col/Cel = 1/10, higher than that of cellulose solution (44.2 kJ mol−1). Regenerated films were prepared and characterized to trace back the interactions between the two polymers in [Emim]Ac. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the hydrogen-bond interaction between collagen and cellulose in films. The denaturation temperature of collagen in films with Col/Cel ≤ 1/10 could be improved, but it was decreased with the increase of collagen content, and finally was reduced to be close to that of collagen as Col/Cel = 1/5. The features of dynamic mechanical analysis for films were indicative of the lack of homogeneity between collagen and cellulose as Col/Cel = 1/5. Atomic force microscopy images further confirmed the phase-separation when Col/Cel = 1/5.

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Abbreviations

Col/Cel:

Collagen/cellulose mass ratio

Col–Cel(1/40), Col–Cel(1/20), Col–Cel(1/10) and Col–Cel(1/5):

Cellulose/collagen blends with ratios of 1/40, 1/20, 1/10 and 1/5, respectively

[Emim]Ac:

1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate

TTS:

Time–temperature superposition

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21306024), the Science and Technology Major Project of the Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province (2008HZ0001-1) and the Foundation of Distinguished Young Scholars of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (XJQ201212).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China

    Min Zhang, Liulian Huang, Lihui Chen & Haiyang Yang

  2. The Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People’s Republic of China

    Cuicui Ding

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  1. Min Zhang
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  2. Cuicui Ding
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  3. Liulian Huang
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Correspondence to Lihui Chen.

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Zhang, M., Ding, C., Huang, L. et al. Interactions of collagen and cellulose in their blends with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as solvent. Cellulose 21, 3311–3322 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-014-0372-6

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