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Fabrication and Catalytic Characterization of Laccase-Loaded Calcium-Alginate Beads for Enhanced Degradation of Dye-Contaminated Aqueous Solutions

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Abstract

Engineered laccases represent an eco-friendlier and robust biocatalytic tool for the treatment of dye-harboring textile wastewater. This study investigates the immobilization of purified laccase from Pleurotus sapidus onto firm-quality spherical Ca-alginate beads by a cross-linking approach. Sodium alginate at an optimal concentration of 4% (w/v) furnished the highest immobilization efficiency (69%). EDX analysis confirmed the detection of copper in the laccase-incorporated alginate beads. The optimum pH for free laccase was 3.0, while the Ca-alginate-Lac showed the maximum enzyme activity (440.2 U/mL) at pH 5.0. In contrast to a free enzyme (40 °C), immobilized laccase performed best at an elevated temperature of 65 °C. The Km and Vmax values in the case of free and Ca-alginate immobilized enzymes were 114 µM, 370 U/mL, and 123 µM, 548 U/mL, respectively. Immobilized laccase catalyzed a highly efficient decolorization of various reactive and disperse dye pollutants and recorded in the range of 86.19–91.01%. The COD and TOC levels were substantially reduced to 91.90–94.94 and 77.01–93.29%, respectively, in the maximally degraded dye solutions. Therefore, immobilization of laccase on Ca-alginate beads offers a cost-effective and facile method for environmental remediation applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad, Pakistan, to provide funds for the present investigated research work. The analytical facilities provided by High Tech Lab, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad are thankfully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Sadia Aslam

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Awais Ali & Muhammad Asgher

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Nabila Farah

  4. Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849, Monterrey, Mexico

    Hafiz M. N. Iqbal

  5. School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China

    Muhammad Bilal

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  1. Sadia Aslam
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  2. Awais Ali
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Aslam, S., Ali, A., Asgher, M. et al. Fabrication and Catalytic Characterization of Laccase-Loaded Calcium-Alginate Beads for Enhanced Degradation of Dye-Contaminated Aqueous Solutions. Catal Lett 152, 1729–1741 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-021-03765-8

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