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White adipose tissue-derived factors and prostate cancer progression: mechanisms and targets for interventions

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Abstract

Obesity represents an important risk factor for prostate cancer, driving more aggressive disease, chemoresistance, and increased mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT) overgrowth in obesity is central to the mechanisms that lead to these clinical observations. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs), the progenitors to mature adipocytes and other cell types in WAT, play a vital role in driving PCa aggressiveness. ASCs produce numerous factors, especially chemokines, including the chemokine CXCL12, which is involved in driving EMT and chemoresistance in PCa. A greater understanding of the impact of WAT in obesity-induced progression of PCa and the underlying mechanisms has begun to provide opportunities for developing interventional strategies for preventing or offsetting these critical events. These include weight loss regimens, therapeutic targeting of ASCs, use of calorie restriction mimetic compounds, and combinations of compounds as well as specific receptor targeting strategies.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by NIH grants R01 CA196259 and R01 CA228404 (to JD). Jill Hamilton-Reeves was supported by a Research Scholar Grant, RSG-17–050-01—NEC, from the American Cancer Society.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA

    Achinto Saha & John DiGiovanni

  2. Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA

    Achinto Saha & John DiGiovanni

  3. Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA

    Achinto Saha & John DiGiovanni

  4. Departments of Urology and Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Jill Hamilton-Reeves

  5. Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA

    John DiGiovanni

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Saha, A., Hamilton-Reeves, J. & DiGiovanni, J. White adipose tissue-derived factors and prostate cancer progression: mechanisms and targets for interventions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 41, 649–671 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-022-10056-0

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