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Incidence of second sarcomas: a cancer registry-based study

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Abstract

Background

In high-quality cancer registration systems, about one in eight incident cancers are second primary cancers. This is due to a combination of careful diagnostic ascertainment, shared genetic determinants, shared exposure to environmental factors and consequences of treatment for first cancer.

Methods

We used data derived from the Swiss population-based cancer Registries of Vaud and Neuchâtel, including 885,000 inhabitants.

Results

Among 107,238 (52% males) first cancers occurring between 1976 and 2010, a total of 126 second sarcomas were observed through active and passive follow-up versus 68.2 expected, corresponding to a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.85 (95 % CI 1.5–2.2). Significant excess sarcoma risks were observed after skin melanoma (SIR = 3.0), breast cancer (2.2), corpus uteri (2.7), testicular (7.5), thyroid cancer (4.2), Hodgkin lymphoma (5.7) and leukemias (4.0). For breast cancer, the SIR was 3.4 ≥5 years after sarcoma diagnosis.

Conclusions

The common denominator of these neoplasms is the utilization of radiotherapy in their management. Some sarcomas following breast cancer may be due to shared genetic components (i.e., in the Li–Fraumeni syndrome), as well as possibly to shared environmental factors, with sarcomas, including overweight, selected dietary and reproductive factors which are, however, too little defined for any quantitative risk assessment.

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Acknowledgments

The work of C.L.V. was supported by the Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC, Contract No. 10068). The authors wish to thank Mrs. I. Garimoldi for editorial assistance.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vaud Cancer Registry and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Fabio Levi, Lalao Randimbison & Rafael Blanc-Moya

  2. Department of Health and Social Affairs, Neuchâtel Cancer Registry, Av. des Cadolles 7, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

    Fabio Levi & Manuela Maspoli-Conconi

  3. Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Pharmacological Research Institute “Mario Negri”, Via G. La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy

    Carlo La Vecchia

  4. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Carlo La Vecchia

Authors
  1. Fabio Levi
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  2. Lalao Randimbison
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  3. Manuela Maspoli-Conconi
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  4. Rafael Blanc-Moya
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  5. Carlo La Vecchia
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Correspondence to Fabio Levi.

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Levi, F., Randimbison, L., Maspoli-Conconi, M. et al. Incidence of second sarcomas: a cancer registry-based study. Cancer Causes Control 25, 473–477 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-014-0349-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-014-0349-7

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